sunday, march 23, 2008 , chaitra 9, rabiul awal 14, 1428 a.h

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Leading News

Hasina, Khaleda not eligible to appear before Truth Commission: CA
Govt to accept whatever court verdicts against the two ex-PMs, he says
CA unveils some curbs under emergency to be lifted for electioneering; Elections must by Dec


UNB, Dhaka

Chief Adviser Dr Fakhruddin Ahmed has said detained former Prime Ministers Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina would not be eligible to appear before the proposed Truth Commission for pardon as they are already arraigned on corruption charges and facing trial in courts.
Dr Ahmed, however, said his caretaker government would accept whatever verdict is given against them by the judiciary which he said is now independent.
The Chief Advisor made the remarks during an interview with Al Jazeera television in London last week. Renowned journalist David Frost took the interview during the CA's tour and was aired on Friday at 1 am in a special programme styled "Frost".
On the question of lifting the state of emergency, he said some curbs imposed under the state of emergency on some political activities would be withdrawn to create congenial atmosphere for electioneering. Asked whether the proposed Truth Commission will be constituted in South African model, Dr Ahmed said the government has looked at similar models set up in different countries.
Explaining the logic behind instituting Truth Commission, he said some people who have already been accused of corruption have been going through normal judicial process and there are others who may be willing to say that they had been involved in some of irregular corrupt practices.
If the Commission is set up, those people will go through that process. They will know and the people will know about their corrupt practices through a legal process, if not the judicial process, he added.
Asked whether those corrupt would be forgiven by the Truth Commission, the Chief Advisor said, "Yes, the idea is that they will be forgiven if they admit to having indulged in some kind of irregular corrupt practices of certain amount of money. But, as part of that process, there may be some kind of restrictions on their participation in political activities for a limited time."
Asked if the two 'Begums' (Khaleda and Hasina) will also be pardoned if they go through the Truth Commission, Dr Ahmed said the way thinking is going on is that if somebody is already arraigned and charge-sheeted and the judicial process has begun, they should go through the judicial process. It is not only the two ex-premiers, he said, those who have crossed that some sort of threshold, they will not be eligible for appearing before the Truth Commission. "That's the thinking now, but it is not yet finalized."
Asked when the emergency will be lifted, Dr Ahmed said, "We've not yet fixed the time. We will be looking at all options when and how the state of emergency will be lifted." He said the state of emergency was declared to improve the law-and-order situation and bring the country back into normalcy. Now the law and order has improved a lot, and even though there is the emergency, it is not being enforced in that sense in many fields.
Citing an example, the head of caretaker government said press is free ever since his government came to power. "We told the press that they can criticize the government and they have been doing that-and we benefit from those criticisms."
He said as normal activities have been going on and they will be going on, they would, in any case, make it possible for the election to take place. To ensure congenial atmosphere for election campaign, he said, there would be need to lift "some of the curbs on some of the activities up to the elections".
Asked whether the general election will be held by December this year, as promised, Dr Ahmed said, "Absolutely, that is some kind of deadline. I have said this more than once and the elections will be held at the latest by December 2008."
He said the Election Commission has also announced a roadmap detailing all priority activities and "I am absolutely committed and confident that the elections will be held according to the roadmap". Asked whether Khaleda and Hasina would be able to lead active politics, Dr Ahmed said it would depend on several factors. "At this point in time they have been arrested and facing trial in courts. So, judicial process will go on." In this context, the CA noted that the judiciary is an independent institution and they would accept whatever decision comes from the judicial process. "It will depend on judicial process and outcome of the judicial process."
Asked whether the number of detained persons in Bangladesh is 250,000 as published in some British press, Dr Ahmed straightaway denied, saying that the number is much lower. The total number of convicts and under-trial prisoners is around 75,000 to 80,000, and a handful of them have been detained under the Special Powers Act.
Asked about whereabouts of the two former premiers-Awami League chief Hasina and BNP chairperson Khaleda-the Chief Advisor said they were not under house arrest. They were arrested and put in two special houses declared sub-jails by the government for under-trial prisoners.
Asked whether the level of corruption has gone down due to the ongoing anti-graft drive, Dr Ahmed said corruption has started going down significantly, but it is very difficult to estimate what the current level of corruption is.
But, he said, a general impression is it has a positive impact not because of the people being brought to trial for corruption but the government is working on rules and regulations, making them simpler, clearer and transparent and a strategy to prevent the corruption. Asked whether he has any intention to float a political party and run for a political office, Dr Ahmed outright dismissed the idea. He said that since he is heading a caretaker government, his first duty is to hold free, fair and credible elections first and carry out institutional reforms to ensure sustainable democracy in Bangladesh.
Asked what he will be doing after the elections, the Chief Advisor, a former governor of Bangladesh Bank, said he has not yet thought about that but added that he would make himself available to serve the country.


Finance Adviser invites concrete proposals for safety net to face food price

UNB, Dhaka

The Armed Forces, earlier assigned to prepare the ongoing voter list, will handover the final list to the Election Commission (EC) by October, 2008. This was stated by Major Ferdous Hasan Selim, spokesman of the 'Central Control Cell on Preparation of the Voter List and National ID Card' project at the Army Head Quarters in the capital on Saturday.
Replying to a query, he said, "In the mean time, the registration of about 4.93 crore voters has already been finalised till Thursday." "We expect that registration of more than five crore will be completed across the country on 26th instant," Major Selim said adding "The printing of on-going voter list of some 100 areas under 11 districts, including four city corporations -Rajshahi, Sylhet, Barisal and Khulna - and seven pourasavas - Manikganj, Shariathpur, Sreepur, Fulbaria, Sitakunda, Cox's Bazar and Gopalganj - will be completed by Monday (tomorrow)." "Besides, under the 'Operation Nabajatra', printing of the draft voter list of more 130 areas - out of around about 500 administrative areas all over the country - will be completed within the month of May next," he added.
The representative of AHQ said, "We expect that the total number of voters will be over eight crore across the country. He told the newsmen that the matching work of the enlisted voters was being carried out through 'Biometrics System (matching of face and finger prints of voters) to identify the duplication of enlistment. "Apart from the Central Control Cell for the printing the voter list, seven more Cells will be set up in some seven districts by April for the quick completion of the task," he told the newsmen. About manpower, Major Selim said, "Besides, the civilians, as many as 10,000 members of Armed Forces are widely connected in preparing the voters' list." Here it may be mentioned, as per the directive of the EC, the Armed Forces started their work for voter list registration from June last year.


 Freedom Fighters vow to try War Criminals
Staff Correspondent

The leaders of Sector Commanders’ Forum (SCF) on Friday at a convention reiterated their vow to continue their campaign to pile pressure on the government demanding immediate start of trial of the war criminals. At least 15000 people, including freedom fighters across the country, participated in the convention at the city's China-Bangladesh Friendship Conference Centre organized by the SCF who led 11 sectors during our 1971 liberation war. The day-long convention that ended with 16 points declaration including demand of the trial of the war criminals who opposed the liberation war. The declaration also demanded filing of cases by the state for trial of the war criminals, appealing to the UN for an international tribunal, banning parties of war criminals from the election and building public opinion to boycott them socially and politically.
Besides, it also said, "the present Caretaker Government should have to take immediate steps to bring the war criminals to justice as they had helped Pakistani occupation forces and killed hundreds of thousands of Bangladeshi violating the International war codes during our liberation war. The government must bring them to justice forming a tribunal under the 'International Tribunal Act 1973 and it will have to inform the matter to UN to ensure its participations in the jurisdiction process."
The SCF convention also opined through its declaration saying, " the trial of the war criminals is not a matter of any political party rather it includes the aspirations of the hundreds of thousands of freedom fighters who laid down their lives for Bangladesh. Considering these reasons the Government will have to take steps without making any delay." The SCF leaders also raised the voice against the participation of war criminals in any kind of election saying, " the Government should not allow any war criminals to participate in the upcoming polls and in this regard the Election Commission should not allow such political parties to be registered with the EC."
The politicians present on the occasion included Tofail Ahmed of Awami League, Suranjit Sengupta, Rashed Khan Menon of Workers Party, Dilip Barua from Samyabadi Dal, Hasanul Haque Inu of JSD and other eminent personalities such as Birsreshthho Motiur Rahman's wife Mili Rahman.
In his opening speech, AVM (retd) Khandker said, "No government has so far taken any punitive steps against the war criminals. As they remained unpunished, offenders from subsequent generations tended to be compulsively delinquents, defying all social and legal barriers." He said: "The war criminals' trials should be held as soon as possible to ensure justice and holding free and fair national polls. The nation today seems united on barring the war criminals from all elections." Urging all to join hands in the streets voicing demands of holding the war criminals' trials, Khandker said: "We must succeed in doing what we now profess to accomplish so many years after the war."
Former army chief Lt Gen (retired) Harun-Ur-Rashid said: "Nations all around us are at this moment trying war criminals in at least 31 places all over the world. We must be able to accomplish it too, or all our anti-graft work and words will seem futile and hollow."
It may be noted that after delays , the Dhaka Metropolitan Police (DMP) on Wednesday has permitted the Sectors Commander Forum to hold the national convention on war crimes on March 21. The sectors Commander Forum, a platform of the commanders who led 11 sectors during the 1971 Liberation War, had earlier planned the convention for Saturday (March 15) at Bangladesh-China Friendship Conference Centre but the government refused to give permission for security reasons.


 BNP ex-MPs demand release of Khaleda
Staff Correspondent

In a dramatic development in BNP, one hundred and nineteen former BNP lawmakers, most of them of pro-Khaleda camp and some of them of the reformist camp, on Saturday unitedly demanded release of the detained BNP chairperson, Khaleda Zia, and Sheikh Hasina before the Independence and National Day. They lodged their demand from a press conference held at flat of party Secretary General, Khandoker Delwar Hossain, where BNP joint Secretary General Selima Rahman read out the statement of 119 ex-BNP-MPs. However, only some 30 out of 119 ex MPs were present at the briefing.
The former BNP MPs observed that the present caretaker government has shifted from its earlier stand on implementing much-talked-about minus-two formula and that's why the government will set free the two leaders -Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina. The statement put forward a ten-point charter of demands to be implemented by the government immediately to pave the way for creating a congenial atmosphere of holding the stalled ninth parliamentary election. They also demanded release of the party's senior joint secretary general Tarique Rahman and his bother Arafat Rahman, and the Awami League president Sheikh Hasina to have proper treatment.
Answering the questions of reporters about the unification of the party, Shahjahan said, "The matter is now on court of Saifur Rahman and Hafizuddin Ahmed. Let us see what they do. The grassroots activists and leaders are united with Khandoker Delwar Hossain."
When asked whether the reformist ex-MP whose names were included in the list have given their consent to be enlisted, BNP Organizing Secretary Mohammad Shahjahan said, "They have given their consent." Some of the reformists whose names were included are: Ehsanul Haque Milon, Omar Khaiyum, Shahidul Haque Zamal, Sabu and Noor-Afroz Jyoti, who were not present at the briefing. However, talking to this correspondent, a pro-Delwar ex-BNP requesting not to be quoted said, "At first, we have prepared a list of some 110 ex-MPs who are loyal to Begum Khaleda Zia. But I do not know how some eight to ten reformists have been included in the list as later it was finalized by Mohammad Shahjahan."
The statement read, "This time the 37th Independence Day is going to be observed at a time when Bangladesh is passing through a critical period. The parliamentary system of democracy was one of major expectations which led us to the war of independence but since the past 14 months, the system remains inactive and ineffective." The party will send the chief adviser a memorandum on the release of their chairperson in a day or two, Shahjahan added.
Meanwhile, the reformist camp on Friday night held a meeting at the Gulshan residence of Saifur Rahman under his chairmanship to chalk out the programmes to mark the Independence and National Day on March 26. Maj (retd) Hafizuddin Ahmed, Mofazzal Karim and Omar Khaiyam were present, among others.


 Clash among students in Dhaka
Staff Correspondent

Serious clashes between two factions of Jatiytabadi Chhatra Dal (JCD) on Jagannath University (JU) campus and Tejgaon College in the capital on Saturday left at least 12 students injured.
According to sources, ABM Parvez of JCD president of JU unit along with other activists equipped with sharp weapons swooped on general secretary Anisur Rahman Khokon of the organisation and his group at about 11:30 am in the University campus. They beat up Khokon and his associates indiscriminately leaving at least ten activists critically injured.
Among the injured, Faruk and Kazal students of the University were sent to a local hospital for treatment. A good number of police were deployed in and around the campus to maintain law and order. Campus sources said earlier on Thursday, Khokon with the help of his accomplices launched an attack on Mithu a second year student and also a supporter of Parvez group over love related issues.
Meanwhile, a serious chase and counter chase between two factions of JCD of Tejgaon College unit took place at about 12:30 pm over the distribution of tolls collected for admissions. Police picked up around nine activists of both factions from the spot.
According to sources, around 15 activists of JCD led by Mizanur Rahman Raj a second year degree (pass) student of the college equipped with firearms and sharp weapons attacked their rival leaving five activists critically injured. The attacker also damaged some small shops of the area.

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Energy sector
Govt to finalise coal policy soon: Dr Tamim
Experts for prompt decision on coal extraction

UNB, Dhaka

Energy experts on Saturday suggested that the government take prompt decision to utilize coal, found abundant in deposit in the country, as an alternative fuel for power generation as gas reserves are getting depleted fast.
Otherwise, they forewarned, the country would be faced with a severe crisis in power generation within a very short time when gas will be in short supply.
"The existing gas reserves will start exhausting if we fail to make any new discovery in the future," said Dr Eunuse Akan of Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission at a roundtable.
Sheba Bangladesh Foun-dation organised the discussion at the Press Institute of Bangladesh (PIB) conference room in the city on Friday.
BUET Prof Dr. Izaz Hossain presided over the function while Prof Abdur Rahim moderated. Dhaka University Geology Department Chairman Prof Kamrul Hasan also spoke at the function.
Chief Advisor's Special Assistant for Power and Energy Ministry Dr Tamim, who was chief guest at the function, said the caretaker government would take policy decision on coal extraction after the national coal policy is in place. Few months back, a technical expert committee submitted a draft coal policy to the government for final approval.
Dr Tamim said the government would form another committee to review the draft policy and finalise it for government's approval. He said the ongoing debate on the methods of coal extraction should come to an end in view of the country's energy crisis. "We should take a decision on coal on a consensus basis for the sake of our energy security without any more delay. Everybody should realise the crisis," he told the meet.
He observed that 80 percent of the National Energy Policy was not implemented as of Saturday. He said the country needs foreign investment in power and energy sectors for three reasons-to arrange funds, to attain technology and to establish a good management. Mentioning the debate on Phulbari Coal Mine, he said the government should have an independent survey on the potential, benefits and damage to the local community.
Dhaka University Prof Mustafizur Rahman said the issue of Phulbari coal mining has been a political issue in the country. Mining specialist Dr Mushfiqur Rahman said the optimum extraction of coal and its proper utilization should be the main objective of the coal-extraction debate.
He said in the open-pit mining, 85 percent coal extraction is possible while in the underground, only 15 percent is possible.


  BTTB call rate to be reconsidered
Staff Correspondent

Special Assistant to the Chief Adviser Brigadier General MA Malek (Retd) on Saturday said the prices of call rate and line rate of State owned Bangladesh Telephone and Telegraph Board (BTTB) will have to be reconsidered in a bid to survive in the competitive market. "In the interest of existence of BTTB, officials and staffs will have to remove consumer sufferings. Changing your (BTTB officials and staffs) minds, you will have to go to the doorsteps of the consumers and give them service properly. On the other hand, considering the competitive market, prices of call rate and line rate would be reconsidered," he said at a discussion on telecommunication, policy and strategy held at telecommunication building.
BTRC Chairman Major General Manjurul Alam and BTTB Chairman Ashraful Aleem, BTTB members Syed Mamun Akhter and Shamshul Alam also took part in the discussion.


Altercations lead to JU student violence
JU Correspondent

Angry students of Jahangirnagar University (JU) set ablaze three passenger buses and ransacked five other vehicles on the Dhaka-Aricha Highway near the main gate of the university in Savar on Saturday afternoon. The students also put barricade on
highway protesting the attack from 2:30 pm to 5:30 pm. As a result heavy traffic congestion was created on the highway causing immense sufferings to passengers.
The students also blocked the highway near Dairy Farm Gate area under Ashulia police station at around 3:30pm. Soon after the incident, police of Savar and Ashulia thanas rushed to the spot and brought the situation under control.

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Editorial

The Budget This Year

What the national budget would be this year is difficult to say but the Finance Adviser has set the ball rolling by talking to various segments of the populace such as economists, members of civil society, journalists etc, although he did not appear to be much keen on talking to political parties, one of the major stakeholders in the national budget formulation. This year is significantly different than other years. First and foremost is the fact that our economy is in deep recession with everyone, quite literally, being barely able to keep their body and soul together except of course the few thousand rich and very rich. Secondly, if elections do take place at the end of 2008, fully half of the financial year would have to be tackled by the political party or parties forming the next government; whether that political government would be willing to live with a budget formulated by the Emergency Government, is open to considerable doubt and question particularly when the political parties were not given a scope to have their say in its making.
The economic concerns however, are pretty clear: Firstly, people are suffering horribly because of very high food prices making food commodities virtually unobtainable to vast sections of the populace including the middle-class. So, food commodities have to remain subsidized for at least the poorest sections of the populace numbering some 15 to 20 million people. The Government has to obtain money for this food subsidy not by removing subsidy from fuel, which will then increase transportation costs driving food prices even higher, but by drastically cutting down expenditures on non-productive sectors and imposing and exacting higher taxes on big-businesses, the very rich and the super-rich. Secondly, emphasis on agriculture must continue because this is what provides us with food. The agricultural and the rural economy must be revitalized not only by providing inputs for increased productivity but by also bringing in more land under cultivation by preventing encroachments into agricultural lands by industry, urbanization and infrastructure developments. Additionally industrialization and agricultural must be balanced by encouraging industries which use agricultural raw materials such as jute, sugar, fruits and vegetables; subsidies to industries which import raw materials must be stopped and diverted to agriculture or agriculture-based industries. Thirdly, the ADP must be made realistic and practical. There is no gainsaying the fact that government spending in the form of ADPs have a considerable impact on the economy because they generate economic activities providing employment and living to a large number of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled work-force who would otherwise remain unemployed or at best under-employed. These large numbers of people then spend the money they earn in consumption of goods and services and they also save some of their earnings. The entire process of government spending thus "fuels" the economy particularly in times of economic troubles we are facing right now. Having an ADP which cannot be implemented is no help to anyone.
These concerns are well known to everyone, most of all to the Government; whether the Government will take these into consideration while formulating the national budget is an entirely different matter. If the Emergency Government is interested in merely balancing the account books, nothing much can be expected and we will continue to have the same sort of national budget we had in all the past years where the expectations and the hopes of people are rarely reflected.


Power crisis

Power crisis has been persisting in the country since long, But the crisis was never as grave as it is now. According to a report published in The Bangladesh Today on Friday, power situation has taken a serious turn with the country experiencing a shortfall of about 1500 mw of electricity due to inadequate generation by the Power Development Board (PDB). The PDB has the capacity to generate 3900 mw to 4000 mw electricity against the demand for 5550 mw during the summer. Officials of Rural Electrification Board (REB), Dhaka Electric Supply Authority (DESA) and Dhaka Electric Supply Company (DESCO) and the PDB said the actual demand is 5,500 mw while the daily production is hardly 4000 mw on an average. As a result the country is experiencing about 1500 mw power shortage daily.
The power crisis has aggravated with the advent of dry season and almost the entire city has been facing power outage for hours everyday. The power shortage is affecting people of all walks of life and hampering business, industrial production, studies etc. Worse still, the power crisis is also causing water crisis in the city and elsewhere. Besides, disruption to power supply has been impeding the irrigation work in the rural areas. Experts apprehend that the power situation will deteriorate day by day as most of the power plants are old. Many units of different power plants in the country with a generation capacity of 1500mw of electricity are reportedly remaining out of operation due to different mechanical faults.
This alarming situation has resulted from the fact that no new power plant could be set up in the recent past to boost electricity generation while the old plants are losing production capability gradually. As the country is gripped by a grave power crisis the government should make all out efforts to face the situation by ensuring proper internal management, increasing production as much as possible, arranging power import on urgent basis, if possible, and setting up new power plants both under public and private sectors. The authorities should also take measures to stop corruption in the power sector including theft and misuse and streamline the distribution system.

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Analysis

Democracy at Risk: Emerging challenges for the future leadership in Bangladesh

The entire nation has passed through "unimaginable limits of violence" for last several years and now is the time to pass equally through "unimaginable limits of nonviolence"..

Mohammad Gani

It is almost time for this nation to innervate fresh and "honestly talented" bloods into its leadership with the commitment of true dedication, resolute and motivated leadership with visionary idea, indisputable nationalism and love for this impoverished nation of 145 million people. In a country like Bangladesh, legacy of family dynasty can not be entirely ruled out for many compelling reasons and field reality; such as intractable and mercurial behaviors among our political leaders for self dominance which create power struggles. Also, probably their lack of knowledge about and respects for the superior performance of unified team works and incompetence in jointly translating and coalescing nation's vital interests usually hinder the unity and strength of political parties that often cause free fall disintegration of the party itself. As the last resort of rescuing a political party from a level of almost ground zero, family dynasty automatically steps in or triggered to step in as a symbolic but powerful force for securing the party unity that sometimes turns into axis of evils. An authentic and true leader of dynastic roots is not always bad and we find the Gandhi dynasty, despite insurmountable challenges in Indian politics did fabulous on leadership and Statesmanship, locally and globally in keeping the world's largest democracy moving forward.
Our capricious politicians must stop their enormity as well as stop the practices of settling their political differences with hostility. They need to bear in mind that the entire nation has passed through "unimaginable limits of violence" for last several years and now is the time to pass equally through "unimaginable limits of nonviolence". We should not forget even for a moment that nation's interests, rights and spirits of freedom are more important than any individual freedom!
Leadership is not an event, it is a process and to be a patriotic leader, one must have the commitments of dedicated workmanship, statesmanship with appealing ideas and indispensable qualities those other shall be eager to follow and so many more for his/her national interests. This nation now desperately needs such a leader and Statesman of unshaken confidence who shall deliver smiles to 145 million faces with the glory of success, happiness and prosperity to Bangladesh.
As still on progress, the army backed Care taker Government has so far taken a big bite out of corruptions that generated shock waves with tremendous and sudden ground vibrations on its (corruption) many years old reinforced structures. Fighting this war on corruptions has long been overdue and now it seems, started weeding out some troubling big trees along with many smaller ones in Nation's political forest. Corruption virtually has not been a punishable crime over the years and is finally getting the attention it deserves as a debacle to our economic development and poverty reduction. As long as our expectations from this ephemeral Care Take Government are realistic; there are ostensible reasons to believe that it is working well as an effective drug in curbing almost all the "alarming patriotic symptoms" among our political leaders, bureaucrats and businessmen. We need to also accept that the Care taker Government could NOT be absolutely perfect on all these onerous tasks but so far, is performing way better than those of our all past elected Governments. The entire nation and the world community have accepted their visible success.
We also need to recognize that Corruption is a worldwide phenomenon, especially in developing countries which have been making transitions from years of foreign occupations; virtually have become alluvial farmlands for cultivating endemic like corruptions! Though corruptions have created national, moral and economic catastrophes, it could have been arrested, reduced significantly and be managed with the effective and appropriate legislative actions, its enforcement and with the tougher election regulations. Corruption, as considered as a moral and legal problem since it involves undocumented and frivolous appropriation of public wealth for personal gains; it is also a product of inefficient leadership and poor governance in Bangladesh. The exact picture is, corruption in Bangladesh is endemic that infected and infested all public sectors, top to the bottom; starting from Minister's Secretariats, public corporations, law enforcement agencies, tax and customs administration, banking systems those plagued by default and bribery, theft in utilities services such as electricity, telephone. These practices infuse public funds and other resources to the corrupted public officials, to the greedy politicians and to the businessmen for their personal use and abuse. Majority of nation's population and families become victims of corruptions, one way or other and the poor suffers its astringent burdens at the worst.
Government aggressive reforms on various public sectors could ameliorate the habitual pressures leading to inveterate corrupt practices. These reforms must be intended to ensure transparency and absolute accountability with the provisions of harsh punishments; anyone for not complying with public law and regulations. Financial accountability of political parties, election campaigns and tougher election commission regulations need to be thoroughly reformed those could compromise the integrity of politicians, government officials and businessmen as well as those could extirpate public interests. Political party's sources of income and their expenditures must to be made public and be transparent. Tougher election regulations on transparency of prospective candidates and elected officials, on their criminal records, loan default and public misconducts records should be introduced and violators must be barred from candidacy and/or be barred from the office if discovered later. We need to understand that once public sectors are not engaged in corruptions, there can not be any alarming corruption. This is a strong argument for "privatization" of public enterprises.
Finally, Government also could curb the opportunities of corruption by reducing bureaucratic red tapes and authority, introducing information technology traps to locate and apprehend violators and giving out options that provide multiple alternatives to citizens during their interactions with public officials. It is also essential that citizens have reasonable access to the points of contact of reporting corruptions.

(Mohammad Gani is an engineer residing in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA and is a regular contributor to The Bangladesh Today)


 Better late than never

The government is now considering a donor-funded move to turn the state-run Bangladesh Railway into a public limited company.

Ripan Kumar Biswas

It is better to do something late than to never do it at all. It will be a positive movement if the present interim government can implement necessary reforms for Bangladesh Railway as it is in need of urgent reforms.
Talking to the reporters in his office on Sunday, March 16, 2008, the communications secretary Mohammad Mahabubur Rahman told that the government is now considering a donor-funded move to turn the state-run Bangladesh Railway into a public limited company. "The sick service of Bangladesh Railway cannot be revived without turning into a business organization, and that it is likely to be changed into a limited company," he underlined following a monthly meeting of agencies and departments under the communication ministry.
Bangladesh Government signed credit agreements with the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the World Bank (WB) to support the government's plans to transform Bangladesh Railway into a well-managed, customer-focused organization on February 15, 2007 under the Railway Sector Investment Program (RSIP), a joint initiative of ADB, WB, JBIC (Japan Bank for International Cooperation) which, together with the United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DFID), to develop joint strategies to assist Bangladesh in a more coordinated manner.
Under the Bangladesh's national poverty reduction strategy (2005), ADB's total commitment for RSIP amounts is US$430 million under the Multi-Tranche Financing Facility to support the railway sector development as it is critical for accelerating economic growth and poverty reduction, which remains a formidable challenge in spite of the impressive socio-economic progress over the recent years. RSIP entails a total of US$924.5 million, of which besides ADB's commitment, WB will provide US$250 million, US$100 million from JBIC, and with the balance provided by the Government of Bangladesh.
To restructure Bangladesh railway into a 'lines of business' organization, DFID will provide technical assistance to the Planning Commission on wider sector governance issues, including the preparation of a 20 year Railway Development Master Plan. The multi-year, multi-donor railway sector reforms program will be used to support Bangladesh Railway's priority investments, to support Government efforts to make institutional and governance improvements in Bangladesh Railways, as well as to improve financial management and human resource management, and to increase operational efficiency.
Besides transforming it into a modern transport sector comparable at least to the neighboring countries, Bangladesh signed an "Intergovernmental Agreement on the Trans-Asian Railway Network" on Friday, November 9, 2007 at the UN Headquarters in New York to create a transcontinental railway network across Europe and Asia by which Bangladesh will enabled to expand its rail communications with other Asian countries, and subsequently with Europe. But with archaic infrastructure, Bangladesh Railway will not be able to move even a single kilometer.
So far, the failure of the policymakers concerned to expand, improve, and modernize Bangladesh Railway has not only deprived the government of large revenues, it has also denied the public of the service of this comfortable and hugely popular mode of service. Historically, the railway was built by the British colonial administration in 1884, running between Kolkata (India) and Khulna (Bangladesh). But since the partition of the Indian sub-continent in 1947, or even in pre-Bangladesh days, or Pakistan times, this sector has suffered from gross neglect by policymakers and mismanagement by the railway authorities.
Although Bangladesh Railway is a principle transportation agency of the country as well as the safest and cheapest mode of transport, but its passengers has dwindled because of the improvement in other areas of surface transport in Bangladesh. Presently it covers a length of 2,855 route kilometers employing a total of 34,168 regular employees while Bangladesh has more than 20,000 kilometers of paved highway. Before independence, around 70% of the travelers and 43% of goods were handled by the railway, but now 8% of the population uses the service regularly. In addition, during the last fiscal year, the railway's annual income was 4,660mn taka, while its expenditure was 9,750mn taka.
There are so many government organizations in the public sector which may have bigger budget but are not as big as Railway that have huge property and massive infrastructure. Influential quarters including railway employees and different trade unions leaders are grabbing railway property frequently. Communication minister of the immediate past government Barrister Nazmul Huda had exercised influence to bend rules for leasing 4.16 acre land of Bangladesh Railway in the capital without any tender process for constructing a five-star hotel.
Apart from occasional addition of imported coaches, the significant upload in Bangladesh Railway was the road-rail bridge at Banga Bandhu Bridge, opened in 1998 to connect the previously isolated east and west rail networks. Fortunately Bangladesh Railways used optical fiber, giving it a modern digital system, with more capacity than it could use. The airwaves of the growing mobile telecommunication in Bangladesh are now using glass fiber buried alongside the railway tracks, by which railway is earning extra revenue.
According to the last decision, the friendship train between India and Bangladesh, called Maitree Express linking Kolkata and Dhaka will commence its run from the Bengali New Year Day April 14, 2008. Bangladesh Railway is also expecting to expand its rail communications with other Asian countries, and subsequently with Europe in the near future through Trans-Asian Railway Network.
In the coming future, to transform Bangladesh Railway into a well-managed, customer-focused organization and to maximize the use of its resources, its manpower should be trained according to strict professional criteria rather than eliminating them and more people should be recruited if need be. The reform proposal should be started soon and completed sooner than the projected timeframe.

(Ripan Kumar Biswas is a freelance writer based in New York. Dateline: New York, March 20, 2008. E-mail: Ripan.Biswas@yahoo.com)


 Comment

Déjà vu all over again on Iraq

T
wo news reports Wednesday document the Bush administration's unfortunate continued blindness, one might even call it delusional thinking, on Iraq. First, U.S. President George W. Bush once again defended the war, saying it was necessary to topple Saddam Hussein. Speaking at the Pentagon, Bush was unapologetic while commemorating the fifth anniversary of the beginning of the U.S. invasion of Iraq. He once again maintained that "removing Saddam Hussein from power was the right decision.".
Bush then repeated his recent mantra that the "surge" in U.S. troop levels and the new -- certainly more effective -- counter-insurgency policy pursued over the past 14 months by U.S. Gen. David Petraeus had already achieved "a major strategic victory in the broader war on terror".
That same day, however the British Broadcasting Corporation suggested a far different reality. The BBC reported that the death toll from Monday's terror bombing in the Iraqi city of Karbala had reached 52. Another 75 people were injured in the explosion, which occurred as U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney was on a tour of the country.
Meanwhile, current U.S. opinion polls show Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., leading both the Democratic front-runners, Sens. Barack Obama , D-Ill. and Hillary Clinton, D-N.Y., in the American presidential race. Therefore Bush's bull-headedness on Iraq may yet carry over to the next administration. This looks an increasingly possible scenario as Sens. Obama and Clinton continue to battle it out, exposing and increasing each other's vulnerabilities. Yet the latest terrible attack in Karbala serves grim notice that the successes Petraeus has achieved have only been tactical, not strategic or political, and that they remain fragile at that. For Monday's bombing in Karbala and other insurgent attacks the same day could have been taken straight from the headlines of nearly four years ago when, once again, guerrilla attacks against Shiites in Iraq were on the increase with terror bombs routinely massacring scores of innocent people at or near cherished Shiite religious shrines.
Monday's attack occurred near the shrine of Imam Hussein. The attack highlighted the continuing capabilities of the insurgents to inflict massive random suffering on innocent civilians, and the continued inability of the U.S. armed forces and the U.S.-raised and trained Iraqi police and army to prevent such attacks from continuing.
Nor was the Karbala attack the only fatal one that day. At least 26 other Iraqis were killed in smaller scale attacks by believed to be in large part carried out by the insurgents. In Baghdad, six teenagers were killed when their sporting field was bombarded by mortar attack and two more U.S. soldiers were also killed in a roadside bombing north of Baghdad, the BBC reported.
Five years after launching a needless, un-necessary war on the Middle East, the current president of the United States refuses to acknowledge his errors, and continues to fantasize progress where there is none. One can only hope and pray that the candidates still fighting it out to succeed him may yet show the open eyed vision and political and moral courage to speak and act differently.

Source: www. middleeasttimes.com


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Viewpoints

Taiwan's general election on March 22nd could help make a grand Chinese peace

By the time the next election comes around in four years, it is possible to conceive of China standing down its threatening missiles.

Jonathan Power


In the Chinese government's eyes it has two rebellious provinces on its plate- Tibet and Taiwan, and both are in a volatile state. In Tibet protestors are clashing with police and soldiers. In Taiwan there is no occupation but 1000 Chinese missiles are pointed at its heart.
The Tibetans, by and large, no longer try and argue for independence, but even the notion of autonomy is not acceptable to Beijing. In marked contrast, while confronting Taiwan and its significant independence movement, the Chinese offer autonomy as long as Taiwan will accept sovereign rule from Beijing. At the moment, however, there are no takers, neither in the outgoing government of President Chen Shui-bian's Democratic Progressive Party, which likes to talk about independence and membership of the UN, nor in the opposition party descended from the Nationalists of China, settled by a retreating General Chiang Kai-shek, which for historical reasons has a soft spot for "One China".
During the eight years of Chen's rule Taiwan's China debate has matured at a fast rate. Chen may not have won many converts to his independence line (which is supported by about 30% of the voters) but he has undoubtedly shifted the terms of the debate. He has persuaded the electorate that they must never kow tow to China. At the same time they have been convinced by the opposition that Taiwan should not provoke China.
In broad terms it might seem that this is just the policy of the status quo. Neither independence nor union. In many aspects this is so. But it is not the same status quo as eight years ago- it is both more independent (not independence) minded and more conciliatory.
Looked at this way, assuming the Nationalists' leader Ma Ying-jeou wins the presidency this week as the polls suggest, the relationship between Beijing and Taipei is becoming not just more mature, but healthier and less confrontational. As Ma says it could go on like this for 50 years before union is seriously discussed. Intellectuals in Taiwan have always hoped for a consensus on a long timetable because by then democracy may have arrived in China itself. Maybe Beijing by then would countenance a loose confederation, rather like Britain had until relatively recently with what it called its "Dominions", Australia and Canada.
There is much to suggest that in Beijing the tea leaves are being read in a similar way. Despite Chen's continuous stream of provocative remarks and policy suggestions, President Hu Jintao is as conciliatory as a communist leader can be, much more low key in his approach than his predecessors. At the Party Congress held soon after he came to power he deleted harsh words on Taiwan from his keynote speech. His offer of a peace treaty, although framed within the "One China" policy, has many conciliatory elements. Mr Hu, unlike his predecessors, does not talk of using force.
The next few years are going to be interesting. One can foresee, if Ma is elected, a raft of new measures: direct air links on a permanent daily basis, direct banking links, shipping and freight links, the lowering of trade barriers and a sharp step up of the already hefty rate of Taiwanese investment on the mainland.
In Taiwan there will be more Chinese migrant workers, more tourists and more cultural exchanges (Taiwan, thanks to Chiang Kai-shek, holds in its magnificent museum most of the best of the artefacts of China's long civilization.) There will undoubtedly be much more Chinese investment, which at the moment is rather rare.
By the time the next election comes around in four years, it is possible to conceive of China standing down its threatening missiles, of Taiwan's and Hong Kong's democracy being looked at with less hostility in Beijing, and a fast growing prosperity on both sides, fuelled by Taiwan's high technology and pots of money for investment and China's willingness to make as many bucks as possible.
It was not that long ago- during the presidency of Bill Clinton- that the U.S. was sending warships to keep the peace in the Straits of Taiwan. Then strategists were writing that if there ever were a new world war Taiwan would be the trigger. Now one should write that Taiwan could be the catalyst for turning the Chinese carnivorous dragon into a vegetarian panda. And maybe having found a peaceful way to deal with Hong Kong and Taiwan Beijing could turn its attention to a policy of peaceful coexistence with Tibet.

(Jonathan Power is an internationally renowned freelance columnist. Copyright Jonathan Power. Dateline London, March 20th 2008.E-mail: JonatPower@aol.com or phone +46 706 510879)


The Universal View of Unity in Islam

There is only one religion whose name is Submission, "Islam." Through this announcement, the Prophet (S.A.W.A.) universalizes it and gives the idea of Submission a universal, historical view.

Dr. All Shariati

The holy Quran clearly announces the principle that "Islam" is not a new religion because, throughout history, there has only been one religion. Every Prophet was appointed to establish this religion in accordance with the circumstances of the time and in compliance with the needs of that era.
There is only one religion whose name is Submission, "Islam." Through this announcement, the Prophet (S.A.W.A.) universalizes it and gives the idea of Submission a universal, historical view. He relates the Islamic movement to other movements which have struggled to free people. They have stood up to confront the powerful the wealthy and the deceivers. In this way, they have shown their unity of vision: one spiritual struggle, one religion, one spirit and one slogan throughout the whole of humanity's history in all domains, all times and in all generations.
Let us take a look at this verse of the Quran and consider its historical context and choice of words to see how the historical perspective is expressed in the Quran and see how it places these movements one after the other. "Those who disbelieve in the signs of God and slay the prophets without right and slay men who do justice...." (3:20) We see that in this verse three points are connected to each other. First, the signs of God, second, prophets and, third, men who call for equality in opposing the disbelievers. The prophets came to bring a message. Their message consisted of wisdom, the Book and justice for human beings. The Prophet (S.A.W.A) of Islam is the last messenger of this world. He started a human movement which, in the name of Submission (Islam), called people to serve God, the One, so that they will be freed from obeying and serving any other than Him.
The slogan of Islamic unity was a slogan which gave freedom, Before intellectuals, scholars, the educated and philosophers became aware of it, slaves, the tortured, hungry and the belittled were sensitive to and aware of it. It is because of this that the group which gathered around Mohammad (S.A.W.A.) in Mecca were among the most deprived, who were belittled and were among the most debased elements of society. The Prophet (S.A.W.A.) of Islam marked the turning point for slaves who, throughout history, were certain that their fate was slavery. Slaves and the debased were convinced by the tongue of religion, science, philosophy, with the tongue of the day, poetry or art that their fate was to serve their masters and they believed that they existed solely to experience suffering, to carry heavy loads and to go hungry so that others might receive pleasure. They thought they were born and created for this. This deprived class, which believed that the gods or God were their enemy, believed that in order for the world to function and for the performance of necessary jobs, they were created. Aristotle and Plato, intellectual geniuses that they were, said, "God, or nature, has created some as salves of creation and others as free so that the salves perform the ordinary jobs and the free ones can then be free to attend to the higher affairs, such as morals, poetry, music and civilization."
The Prophet (S. A. W. A.) of Islam was chosen to complete the movement which had existed throughout history against deception, falsehood, polytheism, creation of discord, hypocrisy, aristocracy and class differences which were all made an object of the spiritual struggle, by announcing that all of humanity is of one race, one source, one nature and belong to one God, Who declared equality for all, with philosophical explanation and by fighting an economically powerful regime to maintain social equity.
Everyone accepted his position. Suddenly the inhabitants of Medina, the Arabs, Jews, the Quraish found themselves greeting the young slave of Hozaifah as an equal, he used to go about in the narrow streets as a debased and deprived salve, now, in the Mosque he led the prayers in front of the noble emigrants of the Quraish, and became one of the dearest, most radiant figures. The most distinguished present time stood behind him.
All values were shattered when the Prophet (S. A. W. A.) himself began his efforts to destroy all of the values of ignorance and aristocratic thinking. He instructed them to shorten the long, flowing robes they wore and to trim their long beards which were signs of aristocracy. He ordered people not to strut with pride in the streets and to ride two at a time on horseback. Sometimes, in order to break down the values of the aristocracy in the eyes of the people, he would ride a donkey bareback.
One day an old woman, who had for many years heard of the greatness and magnificence of the Prophet (S.A.W.A.), came before him. She stood tongue tied in awe of his presence. The Prophet (S. A. W. A.), softly, kindly and simply touched her on the shoulder and said, "Why are you afraid? I am the son of that Quraish woman who milked sheep. What are you afraid of?"
When the last appointed prophet, the last messenger for those who suddenly arose out of silent deserts and assaulted the lords of power, wealth and deceit in the cities died, suddenly everything was different. Discrepancies appeared immediately upon his death. The path of historical events did not deviate from the true way more than a centimeter at first. The angle of differences which appeared between this School of Islam, and the History of Islam between the truth and reality was narrow in the beginning. But after the Prophet (S.A.W.A.) died, the gap between them grew wider and wider. It was like the angle between two lines which are at first close together (no more than a thousandth of a centimeter apart) but gradually the distance expands as history moves forward. The two lines widen so that in an eternity there are kilometers of space between them. If other factors and causes become operative as they do, we may see that the two lines which extend from an angle move apart as the line of history from the line of the truth of Islam has done in this case.
Now divisions and disunity have created the weak community and encouraged the enemies of Islam to mobilize their forces to defeat this religion of Islam even in the Muslim's homeland. To overcome this painful situation, the Muslims have no other way but to put aside all their sectarian differences and disputes and make all efforts for their united Muslim community.

(The author is a Councilor at the Embassy of Iran in Bangladesh)


Anti-Obama Slur Shows Racism Still a Problem in the US

Orlando Lima

G
eraldine Ferraro tried to stick her foot in her mouth, but her loafers were too small. So instead she unpacked a whip and stuck that in there, and it fit just right. This week she theorized that a self-made black guy with a Muslim name has a political advantage over a white woman who is the wife of a two-term president.
Put in historical context, a statement like that doesn't make sense. Let's conduct a poll of all the presidents and see which of the black ones felt their ethnicity aided their ascent to the White House. Wait, there's never been a black president. All the black people who ran for this office before Barack Obama were so thoroughly marginalized that you can't even call what they did running for president.
Let's set the record straight on this race issue yet again. I'm a black man. Despite how close my skin tone is to white, I can't think of a single instance in which my color has worked to my advantage. You are at a constant disadvantage to your white counterparts in everything you do.
The first time I heard the term "race card" was during the OJ Simpson trail. Whites insisted that Simpson manipulated his race to get acquitted. In reality he manipulated his checkbook, and it pissed off whites that a black man possessed the financial means to beat the state of California in court.
Forget producing the race card, I don't need to see it to believe it exists. A concrete definition will suffice. In absence of one my working definition is this: Race card means when a white person makes a discriminatory remark about blacks and gets called out on it, said white person can claim blacks are being overly sensitive about race.
Geraldine, if you say something racially insensitive and someone calls bullshit on you, your immediate reaction should not be hostility. If you are defensive and you point blame elsewhere it's an automatic admission that you have not taken the time to look internally at whether or not you are acting intelligently.
Ferraro is not racist but the fact that she doesn't understand what the term "racism" means highlights why it is a massive problem in America. In defense of her statements about Obama she said: "Racism works in two different directions. I really think they're attacking me because I'm white."
GF, you're talking about prejudice. Racism is a much larger issue. It entails the use of power, money and public policy to create a system that encourages and enforces discrimination against a specific group of people based on the notion that their race is inferior. Black people make up a small percentage of the American population. We don't have much wealth or education and we are grossly underrepresented in government. We can be prejudiced, and I know plenty of blacks who hate the man, but racist ... it simply isn't possible, because we don't have any power. Sometimes I wish blacks could be racist because white folks look like they're having a hell of a fun time with it. Heck, I don't even want to buy the damn thing. I'd settle for a test drive around the block.
It's troublesome that liberal whites act in a racist fashion so often without realizing it. We all know where the conservatives stand. They're transparent. They hate black people. The liberals are translucent. They like us when it's convenient.
When liberals need black votes they come into our communities and act like they're down. They'll crank dat Souljah Boy like the dance is still in style. When we're dunking basketballs and cracking jokes they commend us for being so darn entertaining. But when they feel challenged by blacks, as the Hillary campaign does by the Obama campaign, we're not so fresh after all.
In essence, what Ferraro is saying about Obama is that he has not earned his lead in the race for the democratic presidential nomination. He's just lucky. He was in the right place at the right time and he's a trendy color. Apparently, black is the new black. The reality is that Obama is running a better campaign. Don't take my word for it. Ask the American people. The primary results speak for themselves. If the shoe was on the other foot and Hillary had the lead, the DNC would be insisting that, for the greater good of the party, he step aside and let Hillary assume the nomination.

Source:www.arabnews.com


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International

China pours troops into Tibet, admits shooting protesters
AFP, China


Thousands of soldiers were seen in Lhasa on Thursday amid reports of a huge military build-up as China admitted for the first time it had shot Tibetan protesters.
State-controlled Xinhua news agency reported four people were shot and wounded last weekend by police in a Tibetan area of southwestern China, as the Dalai Lama expressed fears that the crackdown on unrest had caused many casualties.
Long military convoys were on the move in Tibet while troops also poured into nearby provinces after a week of violence directed against China's rule of the Himalayan region, witnesses, activist groups and media reports said.
"We saw a big convoy of military vehicles with troops in the back," German journalist Georg Blume said from the Tibetan capital Lhasa early Thursday.
"One convoy was about two kilometres (1.2 miles) long and contained about 200 trucks. Each had 30 soldiers on board so that's about 6,000 military personnel in one convoy."
Blume, who works for the German newspaper Die Zeit, and another witness in Lhasa said they had seen security forces going from one house to the next.
A week of protests against China's 57-year rule of Tibet erupted into rioting in Lhasa last Friday. Demonstrations have since spilled over into nearby Chinese provinces with sizeable ethnic Tibetan populations.
China said rioters killed 13 innocent civilians in Lhasa while denying that it used deadly force to end the protests. Exiled Tibetan leaders have said about 100 people were believed to have been killed in the Chinese crackdown.
The Dalai Lama, Tibet's spiritual leader who fled his homeland after a failed uprising against Chinese rule in 1959, on Thursday expressed concerns for the many people he said had fallen victim to the Chinese security forces.
"We don't know exact numbers. Some say six, some say 100, but places have been cut off. There are movements of Chinese troops. I am really worried a lot of casualties have happened," he said from his base of exile in northern India.
Xinhua said security forces had shot and wounded four protesters "in self-defence" during protests in the remote Tibetan-populated county of Ngawa in Sichuan last Sunday.
Activist groups, however, have said at least eight people were killed by security forces in the Ngawa protests.
They circulated photos this week of dead bodies with apparent bullet wounds to back up their allegations that Chinese forces were using lethal force despite official claims to the contrary.
The unrest has been a public relations challenge for China in the lead-up to the Beijing Olympics in August, an event the nation's communist rulers had hoped would showcase a harmonious country.
While no government has called for a boycott of the Games, China has faced increasing international pressure to resolve the unrest peacefully and to hold talks with the Dalai Lama.
 


Taiwan votes for new president with China in mind
AFP, Taipei

Taiwan went to the polls to vote for a new president Saturday in an election expected to turn on the slowing economy and hopes their new leader will mend damaged relations with China.
The vote is being closely watched by Beijing and Washington for signs of a new approach in the flashpoint region after eight years of recurring tensions under outgoing President Chen Shui- bian.
Harvard-educated Ma Ying-jeou of the opposition Kuomintang is seen as the favourite against pro-independence ruling party chief Frank Hsieh.
While China's military crackdown in Tibet has allowed Hsieh to attack Ma's calls for an economic common market and peace treaty with China, analysts do not expect him to bridge the gap.
Polling stations opened under grey skies and visibly tightened security at 8:00am (0000 GMT) and were to close at 4:00pm. Official results were expected within hours.
Taiwan's 17.3 million voters were also being asked Saturday to vote on two rival referendums on joining the United Nations, although neither is expected to reach the required turnout threshold.
Hsieh, casting his ballot in the southern city of Kaohsiung with his wife and adopted son, said he was looking forward to a smooth election.
Asked if he had slept well, he replied: "Well, I'm not sure whether I fell asleep or simply passed out. I was so tired."
Quizzed about how sure he was of victory, he spread his arms out wide. "I have this much confidence," he smiled.
Ma was shown on television going for his usual morning jog.
He was due to vote in the capital Taipei in early afternoon.
"I am afraid of not being able to land a job after graduation because the economy has been so bad," said Angela Lin, a 20-year- old student.
Chen Che-yu, running off to his job in a fast food restaurant after voting, said he was looking for social harmony and an improving economy.
"What is happening in Tibet is too far from me and I am not interested in one-China or common market, I just want a better life," he told AFP.


Cheney expects new Pakistan govt to be good allies
AFP Report

US Vice President Dick Cheney said Thursday that Pakistan's new government had a duty to battle extremists and that he was confident they would, as he made a surprise visit to neighbouring Afghanistan.
"I expect they'll be good and effective friends and allies of the United States, just as the previous government has been," Cheney told a joint news conference with Afghan President Hamid Karzai.
"I have no reason to doubt their commitment to dealing with the problems that emerge" from the troubled tribal area along the Afghanistan-Pakistan border, the US vice president said.
He said the new government, which has already vowed to take on Pakistan President Pervez Musharraf, a close ally in the US-led "war on terror", had "as big a stake as anyone else" in fighting militancy.
Musharraf faces a fight for his political survival after his backers were trounced at the polls last month, with voters showing their anger over growing Islamic militancy and a host of economic problems.
The party of assassinated former premier Benazir Bhutto won the most seats in the elections and has agreed to form a coalition with the grouping of Nawaz Sharif, who was ousted as prime minister by Musharraf in 1999.
The resulting government has "as big a stake as anyone else in dealing with the threat that sometimes emerges from those areas along the border," said Cheney.
Pakistani authorities and the US Central Intelligence Agency have accused an Al-Qaeda-linked militant chief based in the tribal belt bordering Afghanistan for slaying the pro-Western Bhutto in a suicide attack on December 27.
"A government has an obligation to control its sovereign territory, to make certain that that territory doesn't become a safe haven or a sanctuary for, especially, terrorist groups," said Cheney.
"I would expect that Pakistan will certainly fulfil that obligation in the years ahead," he added.
Hundreds of Al-Qaeda and Taliban militants fled into Pakistan's lawless tribal areas after the US-led invasion of Afghanistan, and US officials have identified the region as a haven for Islamic militants.
Missile strikes targeting insurgents in the region and attributed to US forces in Afghanistan have increased in frequency in recent weeks, with one in January killing a top Al-Qaeda militant, Abu Laith al-Libi.
Bhutto's widower and effective successor as party leader, Asif Ali Zardari, has vowed to continue cooperation with the United States and has said that Pakistanis must accept that the fight against extremism is "our problem." 


Barbs fly in contentious Democratic White House race
AFP Report

Tensions between Democrats Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton rose again Saturday after the rival campaigns exchanged harsh words as Obama gained the backing of the country's only Hispanic governor.
Rival Hillary Clinton's campaign dismissed the nod from New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson as coming too late to have any effect, while Obama's staff hit out at Clinton's alleged dishonesty after records detailing her years as first lady were made public.
The fresh mudslinging Friday capped off a week in which the hard-fought race took on an increasingly nasty tone with both sides trading charges of misleading the public and trying to divert attention from political scandals.
On the campaign trail, Richardson's move was a setback for Clinton and gave Obama a supporter with influence among pivotal Hispanic voters-who have leaned towards his rival-and well-known ties to the Clinton family.
The New Mexico governor called Obama a "once-in-a-lifetime leader" who could inspire voters, repair America's image abroad and overcome racial and political divisions.
Richardson served as energy secretary and UN ambassador in the administration of president Bill Clinton and carried out delicate diplomatic missions in North Korea and Saddam Hussein's Iraq.
He dropped out of the race for the Democratic nomination on January 10 after a poor showing in the early state-by-state primary and caucus contests.
The Clinton campaign played down the significance of the endorsement, with chief strategist Mark Penn saying "the time when he could have been most effective has long since passed."
The Obama campaign this week pounced on the release this week of White House records during Clinton's tenure as first lady, saying the documents exposed a lack of candor about her role in policy decisions and were "just the latest in what has become a legacy of misleading voters."
The Illinois senator's campaign issued a statement Friday saying: "Honesty is a crucial metric in this race because the Democratic nominee is going to be running against John McCain, who is viewed by voters as one of the most trustworthy politicians in America."
For weeks, Obama and Clinton, his Senate colleague from New York, have been locked in a battle for the right to face McCain in the November 4 presidential election.
Richardson praised Obama's widely-publicized address on race and politics Tuesday, in which he tried to blunt the furor over comments by his former pastor Jeremiah Wright, saying the senator's words were "courageous."
Clinton's aides meanwhile accused Obama trying to shift attention from his troubles, without openly mentioning the row over his controversial pastor, whose fiery sermons have been televised repeatedly in recent days.
"At this point, it is no secret that the Obama campaign is in political hot water, given the news stories of the last several weeks, and is basically desperate to change the subject," Phil Singer, deputy communications director for the Clinton camp, told reporters.


 Barbs fly in contentious Democratic White House race
AFP Reportunt in Kenya over cattle theft

Tensions between Democrats Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton rose again Saturday after the rival campaigns exchanged harsh words as Obama gained the backing of the country's only Hispanic governor.
Rival Hillary Clinton's campaign dismissed the nod from New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson as coming too late to have any effect, while Obama's staff hit out at Clinton's alleged dishonesty after records detailing her years as first lady were made public.
The fresh mudslinging Friday capped off a week in which the hard-fought race took on an increasingly nasty tone with both sides trading charges of misleading the public and trying to divert attention from political scandals.
On the campaign trail, Richardson's move was a setback for Clinton and gave Obama a supporter with influence among pivotal Hispanic voters-who have leaned towards his rival-and well-known ties to the Clinton family.
The New Mexico governor called Obama a "once-in-a-lifetime leader" who could inspire voters, repair America's image abroad and overcome racial and political divisions.
Richardson served as energy secretary and UN ambassador in the administration of president Bill Clinton and carried out delicate diplomatic missions in North Korea and Saddam Hussein's Iraq.
He dropped out of the race for the Democratic nomination on January 10 after a poor showing in the early state-by-state primary and caucus contests.
The Clinton campaign played down the significance of the endorsement, with chief strategist Mark Penn saying "the time when he could have been most effective has long since passed."
The Obama campaign this week pounced on the release this week of White House records during Clinton's tenure as first lady, saying the documents exposed a lack of candor about her role in policy decisions and were "just the latest in what has become a legacy of misleading voters."
The Illinois senator's campaign issued a statement Friday saying: "Honesty is a crucial metric in this race because the Democratic nominee is going to be running against John McCain, who is viewed by voters as one of the most trustworthy politicians in America."
For weeks, Obama and Clinton, his Senate colleague from New York, have been locked in a battle for the right to face McCain in the November 4 presidential election.
Richardson praised Obama's widely-publicized address on race and politics Tuesday, in which he tried to blunt the furor over comments by his former pastor Jeremiah Wright, saying the senator's words were "courageous."
Clinton's aides meanwhile accused Obama trying to shift attention from his troubles, without openly mentioning the row over his controversial pastor, whose fiery sermons have been televised repeatedly in recent days.
"At this point, it is no secret that the Obama campaign is in political hot water, given the news stories of the last several weeks, and is basically desperate to change the subject," Phil Singer, deputy communications director for the Clinton camp, told reporters.


 Rice calls Chinese FM to urge restraint in Tibet
AFP, Washington

US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice urged China to show restraint in Tibet and open a dialogue with the Dalai Lama in a phone call with her Chinese counterpart, a US official said Thursday.
Her conversation late Wednesday with Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi came amid reports of a huge Chinese military build-up in the region with thousands of soldiers seen in Lhasa on Thursday.
"Nobody wants to see violence ... So we have strongly urged Chinese restraint in these regards," State Department spokesman Sean McCormack said.
Rice repeated US pleas for restraint in Tibet and a dialogue with the exiled Tibetan spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama.
"She was able to reiterate very directly with the foreign minister our views urging Chinese restraint in dealing with protestors," McCormack told reporters of the 20-minute call.
"She also urged the Chinese government to have a dialogue with the Dalai Lama as we have in the past," McCormack added.
Despite the news of the crackdown, in which exiled Tibetan leaders believe about 100 people have been killed, the White House said President George W. Bush had no plans to call off his August trip to Beijing for the Olympic Games.
"The president's position about the Olympics has been that this is not a political event, but a chance for athletes to compete at the top of their class," said White House spokeswoman Dana Perino, asked whether Bush should rethink