sunday, february 17, 2008 , falgun 5, safar 9, 1428 a.h

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Leading News

ADP won't be implemented timely
Staff Correspondent

Economists and experts have apprehended that the Annual Development Programme (ADP) would not be implemented in the current fiscal as the ongoing corruption drive has created panic among the government and non-government organizations' high ups and officials.
"The incumbent government's high ups and officials from different organizations are failing to take decision to implement projects, invite bids and approve new programme as they think that if any decision is taken by them right now they would be implicated in corruption cases," they said at a exchange of views meeting held at National Press Club on Saturday.
Economists Mohammad Maimul Ahsan Khan, Mahbub Ullah, Sheikh Toufiq, Aziz Masud and Riyazul Islam addressed the function. They observed that during the previous two political governments Bangladesh ranked the top list of corruption but the ADP had been implemented 29 per cent and 27 per cent respectively.
"But the present caretaker government has implemented only 21 per cent of the ADP. We are surprised that in the face of massive anti-corruption drive, the government and non government high ups and officials don't dare to misappropriate money or indulge in any corruption but why has the ADP declined," they added.
"On the other hand, following prescription given by foreign donor agencies like World Bank and International Monetary Fund, the implementation of ADP is being hampered in a large scale. Following the World Bank formulated Public Procurement Regulation 2003, the government would not be able to purchase anything without consulting with the WB and IMF. Almost all ministries fail to purchase or collect consultancy service due to WB interference. In delaying to purchase anything in suitable time, the country is incurring loss," they said.
About impediments to ADP implementation, they alleged a snail- pace in the use of mid-term regulatory funds allocated for three years to the 14 ministries due to the lack of efficient manpower. Many public servants are reluctant to implement projects for the fear of audit objection. Only 10 advisers are not capable of handling 55 ministries and scrutinising the files for implementation of ADP. After change of rules of business in 1996, the secretaries cannot take many decisions without approval of the ministers.
They cut in to say, "As the ADP is not being implemented at local government level, the people specially common and poor people are facing the worst situation as they are becoming jobless. Simultaneously, prices of essentials commodities are hiking up day by day."
The economists and experts also demanded of the government to lift restriction on politics as economic development is not possible without a good political and social atmosphere and that is why father of modern economics Adam Smith called the subject 'political economics'.


BIOJ reveals names of 15 'war criminals'
Staff Correspondent

Bangladesh Islami Oikkyo Jote (BIOJ) Chairman Misbahur Rahman Chowdhury on Saturday revealed the names of 15 identified war criminals, including Jamaat-e-Islami Ameer Maulana Motiur Rahman Nizami and Secretary General Ali Ahsan Mohammad Mujahid, and demanded immediate trial of the war criminals.
The IOJ Chairman urged the Caretaker Government to form a high-powered investigation committee led by a Supreme Court justice to freely work to prepare a list of the war criminals so that they are brought to justice.
He said, " the Caretaker Government should start the trial of war criminals through constituting a tribunal if they want to remain alive in the mind of the people for a long time. But it seems to me that this Government is reluctant to do so."
At a press conference in the central party office, the BIOJ Chairman released the names of 15 top war criminals. They are: Jamaat Ameer Matiur Rahman Nizami, Secretary General Ali Ahsan Mujahidi, incumbent Jamaat leaders Mir Kashem Ali, Sarder Abdus Salam, Mohammad Qamruzzaman, Chowdhury Farid Uddin Ahmed, Muhammad Shamsul Huq, Director General of Islami Bank Mohammad Younus, Jamaat Majilsh member ASM Ruhul Quddus, businessmen Ashraf Hossain (Dhaka), Dubai expatriate Abdul Hai Faruki and Chowdhury Moinuddin( now in London), Owner of Ibne Sina and Islami Bank Abdul Zaher Mohammad Abu Naser, Food and Disaster Management secretary Ayub Miah, Barrister in the Supreme Court Abdur Razzak.
Misbahur Rahman also demanded immediately release of two detained ex-Prime Ministers, Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina and create atmosphere conducive to a fruitful dialogue with political parties for holding a free, fair and credible election.
He urged countrymen to boycott the listed war criminals socially and not to invite them to participate in any roundtable, seminar or symposium. Replying to a query, the BIOJ Chairman said, "if the AL-led fourteen party combine can win the next election, its victory in the polls will help establish a real democracy in the country."
Asked whether his party will handover the list of war criminals to the government or not, Misnbahur Chowdhury said, " If this government considers our request, then we will formally handover this list to this caretaker government and it is easy for the caretaker government to bring the war criminals to justice, as it is a non-political government."
Defending his allegations against the established personalities of Jamaat, Misbahur Rahman Chowdhury said relevant documents and evidences have already been collected regarding war crimes and these documents will prove their offences. "Those who had gone into hiding during Bangabandhu's rule, their rise as millionaires, we have all the details. Those who have been affected by their crimes and activities, we have collected 651 such witnesses. They will appear in court and give their depositions after identifying the accused," he said.
Replying to another question, he said, " Bangabandhu forgave the people who opposed the liberation war not the war criminals who killed hundreds of freedom fighters, innocent people and raped our mothers and sisters." Misbahur Rahman also accused some two or three Islami Party and some left parties who opposed the liberation war but the leaders of Jamaat e Islami were directly involved in war crimes.
"Matiur Rahman Nizami was the supreme commander of Al-Badr and he killed thousands of innocent people. By killing intellectuals they wanted to eliminate the seeds of free thinking from this soil." said the BIOJ leader. "The incidents that have been described as war crimes by the United Nations-all have been committed by them. They violated the Geneva Convention," he said.


  Grenades recovered from Satkhira
Staff Correspondent

A huge cache of grenades were recovered from Shimulia village under Dehata Upazila in Satkhira district on Friday night. These powerful explosives were similar to the grenades which had been launched on Awami League rally on August 21, 2004.
On the basis of information extracted from Mufti Mainuddin Sheikh, alias Abu Jandal a special squad of RAB went to the village Shimulia village under Dehata Upazila. Later they dug up the ground near a pond and unearthed at least 46 live grenades and arrested another suspect involved in August 21 grenade attack Nazrul Islam Ghoram. Mufti Mainuddin Sheikh, alias Abu Jandal, who was arrested on February 14 from Gazipur, one of the top ranking members of Harkatul Jihad.
"Following the arrest of Mufti Mainuddin Sheikh alias Abu Jandal and recovery of grenades, it will be to easy for us in finding more clue about the August 21 grisly carnage. We had launched a massive hunt to nab Mufti Hannan's accomplice Jandal and at last we arrested him," talking to The Bangladesh Today on Saturday RAB Director General Hasan Mahmud Khandaker said.
Earlier, October 29 in 2007, nine people, who had directly or indirectly launched the grenade attack on the Awami League rally on August 21, 2004, at Bangabandhu Avenue in a bid to assassinate Sheikh Hasina, had been arrested, along with a huge cache of grenades, firearms, ammunition and explosives from different parts of the country, the RAB Director General said.
"On the basis of confessional statements given by Mufti Hannan, his accomplices Mofiz, Bipul, Maolana Abu Sayeed and arrested nine others at the Task Force Intelligence (TFI) cell, special squads of RAB intelligence wings continued to launch a massive crackdown at different place in Kushtia, Jenidah, Khulna and Narsingdi to nab the criminals who had launched the grenade attack on the Awami League rally
The DG said as part of the operation the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) and the RAB are continuously raiding different places of the country to nab the culprits involved in the grisly carnage at the AL rally.
During the interrogation at the TFI cell, they confessed their involvement in the grenade attack and gave sensational statements to the intelligence personnel.
Meanwhile, the progress in framing charge sheets against the main culprits in the August 21, 2004 grenade attack on Awami League rally and its President Sheikh Hasina at Bangabandhu Avenue in the city is at final stage.
It may be pointed out that there was no progress in the investigation into the case for three years into the August 21 grenade attack due to the interference by the past BNP government. At least 24 Awami League activists, including Ivy Rahman, were killed in the grisly carnage.


 Extortion case against Hasina
Government likely to file appeal today

UNB, Dhaka

The government is likely to file today (Sunday) application for leave to appeal against the High Court judgment that declared illegal the trial of detained ex-Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina under the Emergency Powers Rules.
On Feb 12, a 7-member full court of the Appellate Division held up a government petition that sought stay on operation of the much-talked-about High Court judgment and asked them to file leave-to-appeal petition against the HC judgment by February 19 at the latest.
A government attorney, requesting not to be named, told UNB on Saturday that they had already collected the certified copy of the Feb 6 High Court judgment, a prerequisite for making appropriate the application for leave to appeal.
The High Court in its verdict, upon a writ petition of Hasina, also quashed midway the entire trial proceedings of the Tk 3-crore extortion case at Dhaka metropolitan sessions judge court relocated to the high-security parliament-building complex.
Before the delivery of the High Court verdict, the trial court had recorded only depositions made by the complainant of the case, businessman Azam J Chowdhury. The formal trial began on Jan 30. "As the High Court rulings remain in force, the trial of the Azam Chowdhury-filed extortion case against Hasina stands quashed," a counsel for Hasina said.
However, the Awami League president will not be freed from incarceration since she has been shown arrested in a similar extortion case filed by the Anti-Corruption Commission against her relating to Khulna barge-mounted power-plant deal. The government took identical stand in bringing the alleged offence, which had been committed before promulgation of state of emergency, for trial under the EPR.
On June 13 last year, Azam J Chowdhury, managing director of East Coast Trading Pvt Ltd., a private power company, filed the extortion case against Hasina. After a month, she was arrested on July 16 in connection with the case.
Since then, Hasina has been detained in a makeshift jail in the parliament-building complex. Her younger sister, Sheikh Rehana, now living in London, and cousin, detained ex-Minister Sheikh Fazlul Karim Selim, are also made accused in the case.


 City AL-party advisers demand
Hasina's release, early general election

Staff Correspondent

The Awami League Dhaka city unit on Saturday demanded of the caretaker government immediate release of detained party president Sheikh Hasina and to hold next general within the shortest possible time. They also urged the authorities to ensure better treatment for Hasina and withdrawal of 'false, baseless and fabricated' cases against the former premier. The demands were made in a meeting of AL Advisory Council with the Executive Committee members of Dhaka city AL at the AL central office at Bangabandhu Avenue in the capital yesterday.
Chaired by AL acting president of city unit M A Aziz, the meeting also discussed different issues including, how to intensify various organisational programmes though mobilizing public opinion for Hasina's release, what role should be played by the wards-level party leaders and activists in the changed circumstances, and the health condition of the party chief. The City AL also decided to hold an extended meeting at the Bangabandhu Avenue at 4pm on February 18. The AL leaders also underscored the need for announcing a lawful programme amid the state of emergency with a view to freeing detained party president Sheikh Hasina. Expressing grave concern over the soaring prices of essentials, leaders at the meeting said, "Due to indifference and inefficiency of the government, people are passing a miserable life and the government should take necessary steps to arrest price hike across country."

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Jute sector
Hectic efforts to identify corrupt suspects

Rabiul Islam

The Government has started working to identify the 'corrupt people' in jute sector with a view to purging the sector of corruption and irregularities which led the jute industry to the edge of ruination. "We have been working to identify the corrupt people in the jute sector and many corrupt suspects have already been identified", BJMC Chairman Ataharul Islam told The Bangladesh Today at his office on February 11. Meanwhile the Government has taken up various steps to revitalise the jute sector which was once upon a time the highest foreign currency earner in the country. Due to unabated corruption, mismanagement, and the Government's negligence, the jute industry has reached to the edge of ruination while the existence of jute cultivators is under challenge, sources said.
Against this backdrop, the economists, civil society members and stakeholders recently raised the voice to save the jute industry, sources said. Civic leaders campaigning for jute sector revival recently expressed determination to identify the persons responsible for crippling the jute industry and sue them after withdrawal of the state of emergency. Sources said the BJMC is examining the bank account and the amount of assets of the officials who are allegedly involved in corruption in jute mills. BJMC Chairman told this correspondent that the corrupt officials would be sacked soon to clean the jute industry.
Following huge loss in jute mills over the years, the Government recently decided to lease out eight state-owned jute mills. The eight jute mills are Quami Jute Mills in Sirajganj, Karnaphuli Jute Mills in Chittagong, Forat Karnaphuli Carpet Factory in Chittagong, and Peoples Jute Mills in Khulna, M M Jute Mills, R. R. Jute Mills, Baghdad-Dhaka Carpet Factory in Chittagong, and Alim Jute Mills in Khulna. But the leasing out of these jute mills face problems because of insufficient bids and low price, sources said.
On February 12, the economic affairs committee sent back a proposal of the Jute Ministry on lease of 7 state-owned jute mills to private operators. Sources said the committee didn't approve the proposal as it was observed to be procedurally incomplete. The number of jute mills under the state ownership was 77 before the beginning of the privatisation of jute mills in 1983. After closing four jute mills, the number of mills under the Bangladesh Jute Mills Corporation has come down to 18.


ACC chairman envisions corruption-free BD
BSS, Dhaka

Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) Chairman Lt Gen (retd) Hasan Mashhud Chowdhury feels corruption-free Bangladesh is a Herculean task, but not impossible if commitment is strong and genuine in that direction.
"Certainly it is an uphill task, but not beyond reach because Bangladesh has to get rid of this vice today or tomorrow for the sake of the country and its people," he said while addressing as special guest a discussion in Dhaka on Saturday marking the 24th death anniversary of General M.A.G. Osmany, commander-in- chief of the Liberation War.
The ACC chairman paid glowing tributes to Osmany for his legendary role in the Liberation War in 1971 and said he matched this great phase with personal integrity exemplified by his penchant for simple life and hatred towards corruption and hypocrisy.
"He showed what is called integrity in professional and personal life and all these along with his patriotism made Gen Osmany a rare breed of great personality," said the ACC chairman.
He referred to the curse of corruption that has engulfed Bangladesh like a demon and said the task to eradicate it definitely a big challenge.
But, Chowdhury observed, there could be no slackening in the drive against corruption since the nation has to fight this menace to ensure a good image of Bangladesh at home and abroad as well as for welfare and betterment of the people.
"The ideals of persons like Gen Osmany will serve as a beacon light of inspiration to those who are engaged in the grueling job of making Bangladesh corruption-free and those who want to see this country happy and healthy as dreamt of by the martyrs of the Liberation War," said the ACC chairman.
Held at the Osmany Memorial Auditorium, Foreign Adviser Dr Iftekhar Ahmed Chowdhury was the chief guest on the occasion while the discussants included former advisers of the caretaker government Major General (retd) Mainul Hossain Chowdhury, Bir Bikram, C.M. Shafi Sami and Advocate Sultana Kamal.


UGC comes down hard on private varsities
Bdnews24, Dhaka

 The University Grants Commission in its annual report came down hard on private universities, saying students were being enrolled beyond their accommodation capacity and the qualification of students was not verified, as tuition fees were the main source of income.
Contacted by bdnews24.com, UGC chairman Prof Md Nazrul Islam said most of the private universities do not care for qualification of students or enrollment capacity resulting in deteriorating quality of education.
Islam said there were some exceptions, adding that the commission would monitor the situation. In its report, submitted to the president recently, UGC highlighted the widely varying tuition fees and salaries in the universities.
It also alleged that private universities enroll additional students without considering their merit, as their main source of income was tuition fees.
Referring to the huge differences in salaries and tuition fees of private universities, Islam said there would be provisions in a proposed private university act featuring rules and regulations on the matter. Abul Quashem Haider, president of the Association of Private Universities, told bdnews24.com that they would welcome any move to identify those universities that did not abide by the rules for enrolling students and take action against them. He also supported any move towards a regulatory law for private universities.
But, Haider stressed, the UGC had to stop its stereotyped allegations against private universities.
The UGC report recommended formulating clear rules and regulations for admission, tuition fees and salaries, proposing that fees and charges be kept at such a level that private university education be affordable and open for poor but meritorious students.


UNGA to support broad-based CC action
BSS, New York

The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) concluded in New York on Friday, with a call that the UNGA should remain engaged in supporting the negotiations on climate change and in promoting effective coordination by the UN on the issue.
UNGA President Srgjan Kerim said the Assembly would convene two additional meetings this year that will focus on the needs and concerns of vulnerable countries and on corporate responsibility and sustainability.


Crime Watch

Foreign currency recovered
Staff Correspondent

A customs surveillance team arrested a Singapore-bound passenger and recovered foreign currencies worth about Tk 91 lakh from his possession at Zia International Air (ZIA) on Friday night.
The arrestee was identified as Rahat Khan, 32, son of Nobi of Gazipur district. He is the member of an organised money trafficking gang, customs sources said.
According to sources, acting on a tip-off, the customs personnel observed the suspicious movement of Rahat Khan and arrested him while he was passing through the gate no-4 at about 10:30 pm. He was scheduled to fly for Singapore by an aircraft of Singapore Airlines flight SQ-435.
The customs officials also recovered around 4 lakh and 85 thousand Saudi Riyal, 5 thousand and 5 hundred British pound and 100 Singapore dollar worth about Tk 91 lakh from a suitcase of the passenger at about 10.30 pm.
The arrestee was sent to the Air port police station for interrogation. A money laundering case was lodged.

VoIP hardware seized
Staff Correspondent

Another cache of the voice over internet protocol (VoIP) equipment worth about Tk 60 lakh was recovered by Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) from Mirpur in the capital on Saturday.
According to sources, basis on secret information, a patrol team of RAB-4 led by captain Moshiul raided a multi stored building no-16 at section 6 under Mirpur police station at about 12:30 pm.
After a massive search, the law enforcers recovered 6 pieces of quantum gateway, 6 channels boxes, 2 computers and huge amount of VoIP equipment worth about Tk 91 lakh.
Jasim has been running the illegal VoIP business for eight months. After sensing the presence of the law enforcers, Jasim left the spot immediately, RAB sources said.
A case was lodged with Mirpur police station but none was arrested till the filing of the report last night.

Minor boy injured, 5 bombs recovered
UNB, Brahmanbaria

Five bombs were recovered at a remote char in Banchharampur upazila on Friday after the explosion of a bomb that wounded a minor boy.
Police said some boys while playing found six bombs in abandoned condition in the char of Titas River at noon.
At one stage, a bomb was exploded with a big bang when Saidur Rahman, 9, son of Kitab Ali, was trying to open it, leaving him seriously injured.
He was first rushed to the Upazila Health Complex and later shifted to the Dhaka Pangu Hospital.
On information, police rushed to the spot and recovered the five bombs. A general diary was lodged in this connection.

Brac Bank robbery case
3 busted from Mongla
UNB, Bagerhat

Police arrested three people from Morshed Sarak in Mongla in connection with the BRAC Bank robbery committed in the first week of January.
Acting on a tip-off, Mongla police raided the area and nabbed Hanif Sardar, his wife Haowa Begum and brother Rustom Sardar.
Police said the trio, during the interrogation, confessed their involvement with the sensational robbery.
A gang of robbers looted gold ornaments and other valuables, worth several crores of taka, by breaking open 75 safe deposit lockers of the Dhanmondi branch of BRAC Bank Ltd in the capital in the first week of January.

RAB seizes fertiliser
BSS, Madaripur

Members of Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) in a drive at Puran Bazar seized 44 sacks of urea fertiliser from a shop named Sharif and Brothers.
Acting on a tip-off a team of the elite force conducted the drive and seized the fertiliser sacks.
They also filed a case against three persons. They were identified as Babul Das, Sharif and Narayan.

VGF rice scandal
UP Chairman arrested
UNB, Jhenidah

Chairman of Nittanandapur Union Parishad in Shailakupa upazila here was arrested on Friday noon on charge of misappropriating VGF rice. The arrested chairman was identified as Chand Ali.
Local people informed Shailakupa Upazila Nirbahi Officer (UNO) Mahmudul Hossain Khan that chairman Chand sold out some VGF rice in the black market depriving the card holders.
Later, the UNO visited the UP office in the morning and found that three 50 kg bags of rice missing from total allocated 78 bags.
Police later arrested the chairman. A case was filed in this connection.

Husband kills wife
UNB, Sylhet

A woman was killed allegedly by her husband at Niazul village in Goainghat upazila on Wednesday night.
Local people said Jamaluddin (35), locked into altercation over a trifling matter with his wife Rahela Begum (28), at about 10:00 pm. At one stage, he strangulated her to death.
Being informed by local people, police recovered the body on Thursday morning and sent it to the morgue for autopsy.
Later, the law enforcers also arrested Jamaluddin from a nearby village.

Man beaten to death
UNB, Sylhet

A man was beaten to death while trying to stop quarrelling of two groups of people during a football match at Palpara village in Golapganj upazila on Thursday.
The dead was identified as Nurul Islam, 40, son of late Mokbul Ali of the village.
Witnesses said a member of Shahid Mostafa Kamal Gold Cup Football Tournament committee beat up a fan, Jewel, as he tried to cross the football ground during its tiebreaker session.
Later, an altercation ensued between the committee members and sympathizers of Jewel. At that time Nurul Islam, maternal uncle of Jewel, was beaten up mercilessly when he tried to settle the dispute.
He was rushed to the Sylhet Osmani Medical College Hospital where the attending doctors declared him dead.

Case against SI for torturing woman
BSS, Rajbari

A woman filed a case against SI of Baliakandi thana for torturing the woman apprehending her into custody of the thana without filing any case in the district.

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Editorial

Our Banks & Banking Systems
 
Inaugurating a daylong "National Women SME Entrepreneurs Conference 2008", the Chief Adviser suggested a 4 point measure for encouraging the SMEs with emphasis on helping female entrepreneurs. Significant among the 4 points were the intimations that bank lending interest rates ought to be considerably reduced and bank procedures ought to be greatly simplified. Demands and contentions for reduction of bank interest rates and procedures are nothing new but banks in Bangladesh, both private and state owned are extremely reluctant to do either because that would imply cutting into their very large profits and lengthy procedures ensure that bank service charges remain at comfortably high levels.
To an absolute extent banks are preserves of the rich and the powerful who have little if any moral obligations towards anyone least of all to the common man or woman and who have no scruples in maximizing profits in whatever way they can. The decade of the 1990s saw a massive proliferation of private banks in Bangladesh and those who invested in and sponsored these banks had massive amounts of surplus "black money" which they needed to put somewhere and so our Nation's politicians, many of whom were themselves masters of these "black money", with the active support and participation of the State's financial and other regulatory institutions found a way out to legalize and secure these colossal fortunes through the establishment and institution of banks. Having done that, they went into "money-lending" on a large scale to others with similar morals and proclivities of robbers and looters who then comfortably defaulted on those loans and the term "loan defaulter" was coined and caught public attention. The later part of the 1990s and the first half of the decade of 2000 witnessed a spate of these defaults but that in no way affected or deterred these banks because they had practically nothing to lose - it was the depositor's money going out and there were millions upon millions of such depositors. Inspite of these defaults the banks continued posting profits and vied with each other in paying their executives salaries which at one stage reached the astronomical sum of taka 7 lakhs a month for a Managing Director.
All of these was possible because banks were charging 14 to 16 percent interest rates on lending and hefty service charges for lengthy procedures. There are of course, no businesses or industries in Bangladesh or anywhere else in the world which could generate enough returns to service these loans, debts and interests year after year and so there were defaults which banks then recycled through a process called "Re-scheduling". All this while, the State's financial and regulatory authorities turned a blind eye to these activities on the contention and false justification that money was circulating and if some of it did'nt come back it was acceptable because there was enough to go round. The State was benefiting too because banks deposited money to the Central Bank, paid whatever taxes they felt like and lent money to the Government as well when called upon to do so. The State spent this money in a massive proliferation of bureaucracy, administration, the military and the all important Annual Development Plan. Everyone was happy except for the millions of poor relegated to the hinterlands of rural-agricultural Bangladesh.
Today, Dr. Fakhruddin Ahmed, the Chief Adviser of the Emergency Government pleads for reduction of bank interests and simplification of procedures so "that labour-intensive small and medium industries can accelerate economic growth through poverty alleviation and reduction of unemployment". What an irony because Dr. Fakhruddin Ahmed had presided as the Governor of Bangladesh Bank, for a long time, over the course of events we have narrated in this Editorial and over the laissez-faire banking system of loot, robbery and exploitation.

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Analysis

Australia unburdens her torments by an apology
 
The difference between Mr. Rudd and Mr. Howard as Prime Ministers has thus been the divergence between a statesman and a political leader.

Maswood Alam Khan

Beseeching apology to the stolen generations of aborigines Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd has entered history as a courageous leader to relieve his nation from an emotional burden, removing a blight from his nation's soul and helping a Day of Atonement to dawn for original inhabitants of Australia.
A new episode has been opened in Australia's tortured relations with its indigenous peoples pointing other world leaders in the direction of a novelty to 'right a historic wrong', a courageous approach to emancipate incarcerated conscience, a redemption of the posterity from the sins of their predecessors' misdeeds.
Politicians indulge in tall talks before election campaigns only to court cheap popularity and shy away from a pledge that may not appeal to each and every voter. Rudd was an exception by pledging before his November election that 'He would apologize to aborigines'---an idea not favorable to each voter---if he were elected to the Prime Minister's office. He has put his campaign pledge into practice as he became Prime Minister knowing full well that many Australians would deem such an admission of guilt disgraceful and a dishonor to their forefathers.
Pakistan regime had an ulterior motive to transfuse our tongues to speak in Urdu forgetting our mother tongue. By the same token, aboriginal children in Australia were also systematically snatched away from their mothers and sent to live with white families, where they grew up often unaware of their indigenous background in an attempt by the government to dilute their indigenous culture under a ('blackmailing') policy of assimilation that began in 1910 and lasted into the early 1970s, a period Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd has termed 'a black era in his nation's history'.
Stolen children while living with white families were perplexed to see a difference in their skin and body structures with those of their foster guardians and could not fathom out why they did often feel an inner emptiness and a trauma until the truth of their removal from their families emerged years later. A 1997 national inquiry into the stolen generation found that many children suffered long-term psychological effects from the loss of family and culture.
Aborigines in some parts of Australia were governed by laws covering wildlife and plants and it was not before a referendum in 1967 that gave the indigenous people the same legal rights as everyone else. Since that recognition of humans as humans it has taken more than 40 years for an Australian Prime Minister to utter a simple, five-letter word---sorry!
On 13 February, Aborigines smeared with white body paint and playing didgeridoos opened Parliament for the first time where was echoed the premier's apologetic voice saying "For the pain, suffering and hurt of these 'Stolen Generations', their descendants and for their families and communities, we say sorry; and for the indignity and degradation thus inflicted on a proud people and a proud culture, we say sorry." February 13 will remain a momentous day for acknowledgement of injustices suffered by Aborigines for more than 200 years after European colonization that began in late 1700s.
Former Australian Prime Minister John Howard missed the train to journey into the pages of history by not lending his ears to an official report of a commission on Australia's past assimilation policies that urged the government about 11 years back to issue a formal apology to the Aborigines. Howard refused to show any contrition, insisting that current generation of Australians should not apologize for injustices of the past, a stance still harbored unfortunately by a number of Australian politicians.
The difference between Mr. Rudd and Mr. Howard as Prime Ministers has thus been the divergence between a statesman and a political leader: one statesman who is ready to navigate his nation taking full responsibility for the past, the present and the future and one political leader who feels loath to budge an inch beyond the narrow confines of time and space of his limited tenure. Aborigines, who under Howard, felt alienated and segregated by Australian society are now the same people feeling embraced and valued by the same society under Rudd---a difference in captaincy denoting a difference between captivity and liberty.
Now is the time for Australians not only to embrace the aborigines as their siblings who comprise two percent of the country's population of 21 million but also to address acute problems related to their ill-health, unemployment and imprisonment.
The pink complexioned race (better known as white race) that went to the shores of America brought in shiploads of slaves from Africa. Have they ever apologized to the blacks? Instead of apologizing they think by enchaining the black slaves they rather developed the land and taught those 'human like beasts' how to add and subtract enabling them to count their children on arithmetic formula other than on their fingers and toes. But they while playing God are oblivious of their roots, the reason they were shipped to America: most of the Europeans who arrived on the shores of North America at the early part of settlement in the new-found-land were convicts who had to be segregated in islands far from the civilized world.
Hollywood movies have left an impression with us that great Indian wars came in the Old West of America during the late 1800s. But in fact that was a 'mopping up' effort. By that time Red Indians were nearly finished, their subjugation complete, their numbers decimated. The killing, enslavement, and the land theft had begun immediately after the arrival of Europeans on the shores of America. It reached its nadir in 1838 and 1839 when under President Andrew Jackson's Indian removal policy; the Cherokee nation was forced to give up its lands east of the Mississippi River and to migrate under duress. The migrants faced hunger, disease, and exhaustion on the forced march. Over 4,000 out of 15,000 of the Cherokees died. Have the Americans ever begged apology to the American aborigines who were known as Red Indians?
Many historians believe that Japan compelled up to 200,000 women---mostly Chinese and Koreans---to become sex slaves or in other words 'comfort women' who were employed in army garrisons to calm the nerves of Japanese troops, though Japanese politicians deny that force was used to round up the women.
There is no denying the fact that during our liberation war Pakistani military personnel in connivance with Bangladeshi brokers broke into our peoples' homes and took many of our women by force. When will a Kevin Rudd emerge in Japan or Pakistan to beg apology to China, Korea or Bangladesh? Have those Bangladeshi collaborators who helped Pakistani aggressors kidnapped our women ever begged apology to our freedom fighters?
We humans err in our attempts to do any activity in our mundane life and learning from our past mistakes next time we rather err on the side of caution. When mistakes committed turn out to be irreparable we beg apology, we say 'sorry' to one who suffers from our fault. Saying sorry to the aggrieved man does not help him get back his lost time or his lost son or his lost money, but greatly helps him heal his wounded soul---like a soothing balm on our lacerated skin.
Some Titas Gas employees who made fortunes by grabbing bribes from dishonest subscribers at the expense of our national exchequer had recently felt heavy with the burden of their guilty conscience and in an attempt to unburden their torments they queued up to redeem their sins by returning their wealth so accumulated. They said 'sorry' and the government may also forgive them, though the loss to our national resources due to their bribery is beyond redemption.
Our former President Hussain Mohammad Ershad did not find his popularity plummet to naught after his begging apology in a public meeting in Purana Paltan saying: "I tried to serve the nation to the best possible way, but during my tenure as President of your country I committed some irreparable mistakes and I fervently beg your pardon, my dear people".
Neither did former American President Bill Clinton find people hate him when he begged apology by saying: "I did have a relationship with Miss Lewinsky that was not appropriate. In fact, it was wrong. I misled people, including even my wife. I deeply regret that. I also let you down, and I let my family down, and I let this country down. But I'm trying to make it right. And I'm determined never to let anything like that happen again. And I'm determined to redeem the trust. So I ask you for your understanding, for your forgiveness on this journey we're on. I hope this will be a time of reconciliation and healing."
Spending a day in a jail on the part of an innocent person is too long a period. But, hundreds of thousands of people all over the world are spending years after years inside prisons before or without trials and many innocent people are being convicted due to mismatching of evidences. Thanks to cutting edge of forensic technology proving an innocent guilty and a guilty innocent, pundits in the world of jurisprudence are repenting of what blunders they as the prosecution had committed as many of their past judgments and arguments are now emerging as irreparably wrongful.
Whenever we hear about an innocent person getting convicted or harassed by any miscarriage of justice a towering figure like apparitions of a tall man in his prison costume come into our mental view reverberating the courtroom with his uproarious voice: "Firiye Dao Amaar Shei Baroti Bosor" ("Give me back twelve years vanished from my life") the most outstanding actor of Bengali cinema Chhabi Biswas who in 1955 Bangla movie "Sabar Uparey" shouted as he was proven innocent only after spending 12 years of imprisonment on a wrongful judgment.
What could be the most appropriate answer to Chhabi Biswas's demand? A simple five-letter word: Sorry?

(Maswood Alam Khan; General Manager, Bangladesh Krishi Bank. The author may be contacted at: maswoodalamkhan@gmail.com)


Where Freedom is Relative

In France, girls who wanted to wear the hijab were seen as rebels. But in Iran, the rebels were girls who dared to walk down the street wearing tiny, transparent and slippery headscarves.

Diana Ferrero

T
ehran - As she opened the door and welcomed me into her home on a snowy morning in Tehran, "K." (her name is withheld to protect her anonymity) - a 33-year-old mother - appeared to me as an unexpected epiphany. A brunette, speaking fluent English in a surprising American accent, she was wearing only skimpy shorts and a clingy tank top, showing her bare skin and her boyish haircut.
That day, K. talked to me on camera for three hours straight. She spoke freely, without hesitation, giving me the most outspoken, courageous and defiant interview I could ever hope for as a journalist in Iran.
"No, I am not afraid" she said at the end - while I was rolling my last tape. "These are my thoughts, and there is nothing I said that I cannot take the consequences for.... I am actually very happy I told you about myself."
I only had two weeks in Iran. I traveled there alone with my Italian passport, hoping to shoot the second part of my first documentary, They Call Me Muslim, a project I undertook as a Fulbright fellow at Berkeley's Graduate School of Journalism.
But it's tough to make a movie in Iran - especially for a woman. I had to wear a hijab, or Muslim headscarf, and remain inconspicuous as I gathered footage. Shooting scenes on the subway, on the street and at illegal late-night parties was risky, because the Iranian police patrol the streets and watch women closely to enforce the dress code.
The toughest part was in fact access: finding women who were willing to tell me their stories.
Before my departure, I had lined up several interviews through Iranian-American contacts in California. But when I got to Iran, my main source was too scared to participate in the project, so I started conducting private meetings with other women - lawyers, filmmakers, journalists, bloggers, photographers - and finally K., a woman who felt a documentary could move beyond stereotypes and give the Western world an accurate portrait of Iranian women.
But Iran was only half of the story.
They Call Me Muslim is a tale of two women struggling for their individual freedom - one who wants to wear the hijab, another who wants to take it off.
Samah, a French Muslim girl in Paris, feels naked without her hijab, but was banned from wearing it in the classroom. K., on the contrary, wouldn't wear the hijab if she weren't forced to do so by the regime.
I shot the film from December 2004 to January 2005. The idea for the project struck me about a year before when France enacted a controversial law banning religious symbols, including the hijab, in public schools. The law generated only minor interest in the United States but sparked a fiery debate in France. I started imagining the dilemma some Muslim girls were going through as they faced a dramatic choice between religious belief and education.
Having lived in Paris myself as a teenager, I was intrigued by what was going on in France. The law on religious symbols affected some 800 Muslim girls, and a few who refused to take off the hijab were even expelled from school. It seemed paradoxical that a country like France - one of the true models of democracy in the West and a country so deeply rooted in the revolutionary principles of Liberté, Egalité, and Fraternité - was expelling girls from public schools for exercising their Liberté on a personal matter. France seemed to be denying its people one of the basic principles and foundations of democracy.
Through this film, I wanted to explore freedom of choice in both cultures, East and West, though neither is of course monolithic. I wanted to give voice to a minority, fighting against discriminatory laws. In France, girls who wanted to wear the hijab were seen as rebels. But in Iran, the rebels were girls who dared to walk down the street wearing tiny, transparent and slippery headscarves. I wanted those women to speak for themselves. And the final message - if there is one - is the need for women to be free to choose, to find their own voices, and to dialogue with each other for a better understanding.
After seeing the film, both K. and Samah expressed respect for each other's position. While Samah didn't see Iran as a model for Islam because in her opinion women should not be forced to wear the hijab, K. felt French secularism - as a foundation of democracy - could be better appreciated if one lived in a country like Iran. In fact, she even hinted about the desire to move to France one day.

(Diana Ferrero, a native of Rome, is a reporter and producer currently working in Washington, DC for Al Jazeera's new English-language channel. Source: Common Ground News Service, 12 February 2008.Copyright permission is granted for publication.).


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Viewpoints

Malaysia Goes to Poll

Malaysia is a federal constitutional elective monarchy. The federal head of state of Malaysia is the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, commonly referred to as the King of Malaysia.

Dr. Abdul Ruff Colachal

A Southeast Asian nation, Malaysia has been facing all kinds of problems for quite some time now, threatening the stability of Badawi government. Amid rising racial tensions in multi-ethnic Malaysia and growing fears over inflation and crime, Malaysian Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, in a surprise move, has dissolved parliament more than a year ahead of schedule, paving the way for a general election. Electoral officials will meet soon to set a date for the polls, with a ballot in early March widely expected. Badawi made his announcement at a news conference in Malaysia's administrative center, Putrajaya.
The king has signed the declaration of dissolution of parliament on 13 February. "We hope to get a big majority, at least two-thirds, God willing." Prime Minister Abdullah said. It is presumed the ruling coalition would win the election, albeit with a reduced majority. A recent opinion poll also suggested that Badawi's personal popularity had tumbled by 30%, but he remained the most popular face of Malaysia. Moreover, party sources indicate that he would improve his ratings during the campaign.
Badawi gave no reason for his decision, but analysts say he is looking for a fresh mandate before the economy slows. Another advantage for Badawi of holding the election next month is that charismatic opposition figure Anwar Ibrahim cannot stand for office. Anwar, who was the country's deputy prime minister before being jailed in 1998 on corruption charges, is barred him from politics until April 2008.
Late last year a string of rare street protests in the capital exposed a growing unhappiness among some ethnic minorities. The timing of the election does pose some risks, though, for the ruling coalition. Nonetheless, the National Front coalition government and the Malay party UMNO which dominates it are virtually assured a healthy victory. They have won all previous 11 general elections. Badawi is widely expected to resume power as Malaysian premier after the poll.
Malaysia is a federal constitutional elective monarchy. The federal head of state of Malaysia is the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, commonly referred to as the King of Malaysia. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is elected to a five-year term among the nine hereditary Sultans of the Malay states. The system of government in Malaysia is closely modeled on that of Westminster parliamentary system, a legacy of British colonial rule. In practice however, more power is vested in the executive branch of government than in the legislative, and the judiciary has been weak. Since independence in 1957, Malaysia has been governed by a multi-party coalition known as the Barisan Nasional (formerly known as the Alliance).
Malaysia is a member of the Developing 8 (D-8 or Developing Eight), consisting of Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Turkey. D8 are a group of developing countries that have formed an economic development alliance. Combined, the countries made up 13.5% of the global population in 1997. The group was established after an announcement in Istanbul, Turkey on June 15, 1997.
In the late 1990s, Malaysia was shaken by the Asian financial crisis as well as political unrest caused by the sacking of the deputy prime minister Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim. In 2003, Dr Mahathir, Malaysia's longest serving prime minister, retired in favor of his deputy, Abdullah Badawi. On November 2007 Malaysia was rocked by two anti-government rallies. The 2007 Bersih Rally numbering 40,000 strong was held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, on November 10 campaigning for electoral reform. It was precipitated by allegations of corruption and discrepancies in the Malaysian election system that heavily favor the ruling political party, Barisan Nasional, which has been in power since Malaysia achieved its independence in 1957. According to the reports, as the most popular figure in the country, Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi is all set to form the next government as well.

(Dr. Abdul Ruff Colachal is a Research scholar, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal University, Delhi 110067)


Primates disappearing from tropical forests

These genuses are our closest living family members. Non-human primates are indispensable to keep up our eco-system's energy.

Mohammad Shahidul Islam

Primates are considered closest living relatives of mankind. These living relatives -- apes, monkeys, lemurs and other primates -- are becoming rarer in the tropical forest. "Reasons for the decline are no mystery: they all relate directly or indirectly to human actions" says a Worldwatch Institute report. A survey, worked out by 60 experts from 21 countries, cautions that failure to respond to the mounting threats has now been worsened by climate change. On the whole, 114 of the world's 394 primate species are categorized as threatened with disappearance on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list. Illegal wildlife trade and commercial plant-meat poaching have been largely blamed for their disappearance.
Russell A. Mittermeier
The primate-mongers brutally kill primates for food and to vend the meat. They encage them for live business; and farmers, loggers and land promoters destroy their habitat. One species, Miss Waldron's red colobus of Ivory Coast and Ghana, already is feared extinct, while the golden-headed langur of Vietnam and China's Hainan gibbon number only in the dozens. The Horton Plains slender loris of Sri Lanka has been sighted just four times since 1937.
"You could fit all the surviving members of these 25 species in a single football stadium; that's how few of them remain on Earth today," said Conservation International President Russell A. Mittermeier, who also chairs the IUCN/Species Survival Commission (SSC) Primate Specialist Group. "The situation is worst in Asia, where tropical forest destruction and the hunting and trading of monkeys put many species at terrible risk. Even newly discovered species are severely threatened from loss of habitat and could soon disappear." "By protecting the world's remaining tropical forests," Mittermeier says, "we can save primates and other endangered species while helping prevent climate change."
Enlisted countries and regions
The 21st Congress of the International Primatological Society in Entebbe, Uganda has published an alarming report that enlists the world's 25 most endangered primates. Eight of the primates on the latest list, including the Sumatran orangutan of Indonesia and the Cross River gorilla of Cameroon and Nigeria, are "four-time losers" that also appeared on the previous three lists. Six other species are on the list for the first time, including a recently discovered Indonesian tarsier that has yet to be formally named. Madagascar and Vietnam each have four primates on the new list, while Indonesia has three, followed by Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Ivory Coast, Ghana and Colombia with two each, and one each from China, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Kenya, Nigeria, Myanmar, Bangladesh, India, Peru, Venezuela and Ecuador. Some primates on the list are found in more than one country.
By region, the list includes 11 species from Asia, seven from Africa, four from Madagascar, and three from South America, showing that non-human primates are threatened wherever they live. All 25 primates on the 2006-2008 list are found in the world's biodiversity hotspots--34 high priority regions identified by Conservation International that cover just 2.3 percent of the Earth's land surface but harbor well over 50 percent of all terrestrial plant and animal diversity. Eight of the hotspots are considered the highest priorities for the survival of the most endangered primates: Indo-Burma, Madagascar and the Indian Ocean Islands, Sundaland, Eastern Afromontane, Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa, Guinean Forests of West Africa, the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka.
Basic issues
A journal states, the clearing of tropical forests for agriculture, logging, and the collection of fuel wood continue to be key factors in marauding the primates. Tropical deforestation also emits 20 percent of total greenhouse gases that cause climate change, which is more than the carbon discharge of all the world's cars, trucks, trains and airplanes combined. In addition, climate change is altering the habitats of many species, leaving those with small ranges even more vulnerable to extinction. Hunting for subsistence and commercial purposes is another major threat to primates, especially in Africa and Asia. Live capture for the pet trade also poses a serious threat, particularly to Asian species.
The list focuses on the severity of the overall threat rather than mere numbers. Some on the list, such as the Sumatran orangutan, still number in the low thousands but are disappearing at a faster rate than other primates. Others were discovered only in recent years, and their low numbers and limited range make them particularly vulnerable to habitat destruction and other threats.
Conclusion
These genuses are our closest living family members. Non-human primates are indispensable to keep up our eco-system's energy. Through scattering seeds and other interactions with their environments, primates facilitate to sustain a wide range of plant and animal life that rebuild the Earth's forests. Conservation of non-human primates is a critical issue facing primatologists today. By protecting the world's remaining tropical forests, we should save primates and other endangered species for our easy breathe. We have to check strictly the factors that lead to primate related business or its annihilation.

(Mohammad Shahidul Islam is a Faculty Member of National Hotel and Tourism Training Institute. Email: mohd-s-islam@myway.com)


Political democracy is not enough

What is required for democracy to succeed is a fair distribution of wealth, a generous dissemination of cultural and social services, particularly the right education, and the breaking down of invidious class distinctions.

Anwar Abbas

IF liberty and equality, as is thought by some, are chiefly to be found in democracy, they will be the best attained when all persons alike share in the government to the utmost. - Aristotle
ELECTIONS 2008 have become a symbol of hope in a country which is passing through the worst period of its socio-political history. That the people of Pakistan will, after long last, have a say in their destiny and the governance of their country is everyone's cherished dream.
But Pakistan does not have a glorious history of democratic traditions. The country took nine long years to write its constitution as the Constituent Assembly grappled with the form and content of Pakistan's first Basic Law. Before elections could be called under the new constitution the country fell under the first of a series of martial law regimes, followed by another and then yet another. For the past eight years or more, we have gone through the fourth 'martial law' rule in the country which has become progressively oppressive in the closing months. The country has even had the dubious distinction of having a civilian martial law administrator.
During the past 60 years, we have had only six general elections of which one broke up the country while the assembly of another was never called up for functioning. Three other assemblies could not complete even half their tenure as elected prime ministers were sent packing by extra-constitutional forces. If the last assemblies, national as well as provincial, completed their tenure it was because corrupt, incoherent and ineffective governance had driven the people to despair and inertia. Or, perhaps, in the words of former Sindh chief minister, Arbab Ghulam Rahim, "The (Sindh) assembly completed its tenure because of the general's uniform!"
One of the critical manifestations of the present crisis is the reluctance on the part of the educated members of our civil society to get involved in politics because of the corrupt manipulation it requires. In Pakistan, there is a very fragile infrastructure to insulate the institutions of democracy from extra-constitutional influences, and many politicians are no longer the representatives of the people but a front for some shadowy, sleazy and unhealthy lobby or interests, domestic as well as international.
Yet, I continue to believe in democracy because I consider it to be a system of government and a way of life which offers greater scope for the development of individuality and the varied talents that nature has given to individuals and groups. Men and communities thrive best in an atmosphere of freedom. Any system that seeks to impose a rigid uniformity of ideas and practices, of limitations and restrictions, sins both against the laws of God and the spirit of man.
But modern democracy has proved to be a mixed blessing. It has been cleverly exploited by vested interests: the demagogue without principles, the capitalist without a social conscience, the politician without a vision and a media without idealism. It has not redressed that unequal distribution of wealth which is not only economic, but also cultural and moral injustice. It has been content to allow a majority of its citizens to lead less than fully human lives, and in time of stress and emergency it has proved to be less effective than the machinery of totalitarian systems.
Some well-meaning persons, who suffer from intellectual laziness and like to come to short-cut conclusions, are apt to attribute all these defects to democracy per se and not to the fact that there has not been enough of democracy which would be a more correct diagnosis of the malaise.
Democracy must be so oriented in its ideology, its methods and organisation that it should develop the basic qualities of character which are necessary for the successful functioning of democratic life. What are these qualities?
First and foremost, a passion for social justice and the quickening of social conscience so that people learn to demand for others the good things they demand for themselves.
Second is tolerance. A genuinely democratic society not only allows but actively welcomes cultural, intellectual and belief differences in society. The essence of democratic life is a free flow of ideas which may lead to friction and deadly results in the absence of tolerance.
The third requires the raising of the cultural and intellectual standards of education. Many social evils exist not because of conscious ill-will but on account of ignorance and apathy.
Finally, democracy must develop in the people a love for work, the attitude of a true craftsman who takes pride and delight in doing the best of which he is capable and who hates superficial and half-hearted efforts. A system that fails to inspire the people with a burning passion for social justice, with a passion to break down the barriers of caste, creed, colour and faith, to deepen their cultural understanding and sympathy and broaden their intellectual outlook, to instill a love for honest work and an attachment to the national culture is unworthy of its high status and purpose.
Yet, democracy has failed to fulfill our hopes because we have been content with a certain form of political democracy alone and have not succeeded in establishing it in other areas of life. For example, building up economic, social and cultural democracy without which political democracy has become a pliant tool in the hands of unscrupulous power-seekers.
What is required for democracy to succeed is a fair distribution of wealth, a generous dissemination of cultural and social services, particularly the right education, and the breaking down of invidious class distinctions - differences that are based on economic status, religious and sectarian affinity and language hamper social mobility.
Will our newly elected representatives tread the all too familiar route or introduce democracy in a fuller sense at least now?

Source:www.dawn.com


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International

India flags off massive arms fair
AFP, New Delhi

India on Saturday kicked off South Asia's largest defence fair, with hundreds of global weapons firms offering their latest hardware to the country's technology-hungry military.
About 450 weapons companies from 30 countries are present at the four-day "DefExpo" in New Delhi, with several big-ticket announcements expected.
"This is going to provide you a big platform to showcase your capabilities and to interact, share and collaborate with each other," Indian Defence Minister A.K. Antony said as he opened the event.
Since 1999, India's military purchases have been worth 25 billion dollars. The country, which has the world's fourth largest military, is expected to buy another 30 billion dollars of arms in the next four years.
Up for grabs are deals for six submarines worth 2.3 billion dollars, an artillery contract tagged at three billion dollars and a global tender for helicopters as well as for scores of unmanned aerial vehicles.
India also plans to issue a tender for 126 war planes worth at least 10 billion dollars as early as March.
Global aviation and arms firms from the United States, Britain, France, Israel and Russia are participating in the fair.
Maoists kill 13 police
Another AFP report from India adds: Maoist rebels have shot dead 13 police and a civilian in eastern India, police said Saturday. More than 100 rebels attacked two police stations in eastern Orissa district, of which Bhubaneswar is the capital, late Friday and stole weapons before escaping, witnesses said.
"The attack was sudden and in the middle of the night. They killed 13 policemen and a civilian," superintendent of police Rajesh Kumar told AFP.
 


French FM urges Israel to lift Gaza blockade
AFP, France

French Foreign Minister Bernard Kouchner urged Israel to lift its blockade of the Gaza Strip and to freeze its policy of building settlements in the West Bank, at the start of a visit to the region on Saturday.
"The economic and humanitarian situation in Gaza is especially bad. The blockade directly affects the entire economy and living conditions as well," he said in an interview with Al-Quds newspaper.
"We call for the Gaza blockade to be lifted-there must be free movement of both people and goods," Kouchner told the main Arabic daily in the Palestinian territories.
Israel has kept Gaza under effective lockdown since last June following the territory's takeover by the Islamist movement Hamas, and on January 17 it tightened the blockade before easing it again slightly.
The Israelis say the measure is in response to rockets being fired at it by Palestinian militants inside the impoverished coastal territory.
In the interview Kouchner also called on Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert and Palestinian president Mahmud Abbas to respect their commitments agreed at the relaunch of Middle East peace talks in the United States last November.
He is due to meet both Abbas and Olmert during his visit.
Kouchner's arrival overnight on Friday came just hours after eight Palestinians, including a leading Islamic Jihad militant and members of his family, were killed in what medics and witnesses in the Gaza Strip said was an Israeli air strike.
A military spokesman in Tel Aviv denied Israeli involvement in the blast.
Both Israel and the Palestinians relaunched the US-sponsored peace process after a near seven-year hiatus with the aim of reaching an agreement by the end of 2008. President George W. Bush has said he would like to see an accord before he leaves office in January next year.
"Israel must completely freeze settlements in the West Bank and east Jerusalem, dismantle all those deemed illegal, and reopen Palestinian institutions in east Jerusalem, namely the chamber of commerce," Kouchner said in the interview.
"It cannot be said enough that the settlements are an obstacle to peace," he added.
On Thursday five firms won bids from the Israeli authorities to expand the Har Homa settlement in east Jerusalem, which the Palestinians consider to be the capital of their future state.
US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice has said the move "doesn't help to build confidence," while Abbas adviser Adnan Husseini said that if construction continues the Palestinians may suspend peace talks.
Kouchner also called on the Palestinians to take steps to improve conditions for a peace agreement.
The Palestinian Authority must "make very important efforts to fight against terrorist movements and reform the security services in order to make them more efficient," he said.
"Encouraging progress has been achieved" but more must be done, he added.


US forces turn the screw on Iraqi Al-Qaeda bastion
AFP, Mosul, Iraq


The city of Mosul huddled sullenly under slate grey rainclouds with few signs of Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki's threatened final offensive against Al-Qaeda fighters.
But three weeks after Iraq's premier announced his "decisive battle," there was a definite air of menace as US infantrymen piled out of their 30-tonne Bradley armoured troop carriers on to a street of family homes.
Since the apparent success of the US and Iraqi militaries' so-called "surge" campaign in Baghdad, the northern city of Mosul has earned a reputation as the last true urban bastion of the Al-Qaeda extremist group in Iraq.
Whereas elsewhere the militants have been forced into underground cells and carry out hit and run attacks, in Mosul both homegrown fighters and Arab jihadis still enforce their law of terror over many districts.
The city west of the Tigris has the worst reputation, but even in the east US troops find or trigger between three or four roadside bombs daily. One last month completely destroyed an armoured Humvee, killing five troops.
Angered by a pair of bloody bombings last month, Maliki ordered commanders to crack down. Police reinforcements have begun arriving, and frightened civilians are stockpiling food and water ahead of the expected fight.
Any such battle will, however, be led by the US forces which still work with Maliki's troops in Mosul, and American commanders do not see the upcoming struggle in terms of a single climactic engagement.
In east Mosul the fight is being waged by the 1/8 Infantry Regiment, which arrived in the city only one month ago after being diverted from Baghdad at the last moment in order to strengthen the coalition's hand in the north.
Its commander, Lieutenant Colonel Chris Johnson, says the plan is to use the next 12 months to build US patrol bases in the city, establish Iraqi security forces on the ground and build public trust in the Baghdad government.
"I think the legacy that we could leave would be Iraqi police responsible for security within Mosul, that they have a presence there and that the people feel secure by their actions," he told AFP. "That the Iraqi army is supporting the police, maybe on the outside of the town, maybe in the rural areas, and that there would be secure borders -- I think that would be the way that we would like to leave Iraq," he said.


Myanmar warns of rebel attacks after their leader’s assasination

AFP, Yangon

Military-ruled Myanmar's state media Saturday warned of further attacks by ethnic insurgents, following the assassination of a top rebel leader in a Thai border town.
The New Light of Myanmar, which like other official media has remained silent on the killing of Pado Manh Sha, said rebels were plotting more bomb attacks in some "important places."
"According to the information received recently, internal and external destructive elements are scheming together to detonate bombs again in some important places and busy places in the nation," the daily said.
Pado Manh Sha, who ranked third in the Karen National Union, the largest rebel group fighting Myanmar's armed forces, was shot dead on Thursday by two gunmen at his home in the Thai-Myanmar border town of Mae Sot.
State-run newspapers, radio and TV channels have ignored the death of the rebel leader, who was also a critical link between the rebels and Myanmar's pro-democracy movement.
Myanmar has been hit by a series of small bomb blasts and rebel shootings since December, prompting the ruling junta to blame the Karen National Union for the attacks.
Myanmar, under military rule since 1962, has signed ceasefires with 17 other ethnic armed groups, but the Karen National Union is one of the few remaining ethnic insurgent groups yet to sign a peace deal with the junta.


 Kosovo inches closer to independence declaration
AFP, Pristina, Serbia

Kosovo inched closer to a widely expected declaration of independence on Sunday, amid rising political tension and Serbia's determination to resist what it considers an illegal breakaway.
Kosovo Prime Minister Hashim Thaci refused Friday to say exactly when independence would come, but both Belgrade and the international community visibly stepped up their preparations.
In Belgrade, Serbian President Boris Tadic vowed to do everything to keep Kosovo within Serbia, as he was sworn in for a second term in office Friday.
In Kosovo's capital Pristina, freshly printed posters appeared on the streets appealing for calm during celebrations-including street parties-that will herald independence in the mostly ethnic Albanian province.
"Celebrate with dignity," read the posters, illustrated simply with a bright red heart. "For a good start. For Kosovo. Kosovo welcomes the future." The same message was also carried on local television channels.
The Bota Sot newspaper said Kosovo legislators had been ordered to stay close to Pristina on Sunday and to be prepared for the Kosovo parliament to be convened at three hours' notice.
Asked at a press conference Friday in Pristina on which date the split would come, Thaci replied: "Let's stick to what the press conference is about"-namely, a personal pledge to uphold minority Serb rights.
"In independent Kosovo, not one citizen will feel discriminated against or neglected," he said in Albanian. "We guarantee equal rights and security. Kosovo is the homeland of all citizens."
In the divided northern city of Kosovska Mitrovica, however, local Serb leaders who reject independence said they had accepted a proposal from Belgrade to form their own parallel parliament in response to independence.
More than 220,000 Serbs have fled the province since the end of the Kosovo war in 1999 when NATO bombing ended a clampdown by Serb forces against separatist ethnic Albanian rebels.
Kosovo's break is backed by the main EU powers and the United States, while Serbia's position is strongly supported by Russia.
The European Union is to start sending a 2,000-strong force of police and legal experts imminently to smoothen the transition to independence.
Independence for Kosovo would close the chapter on United Nations administration in Kosovo that began in 1999 after the NATO campaign against then Serbian leader Slobodan Milosevic.
But the impending split has stoked nationalist fervour in Serbia.
"I want clearly to confirm: I will never give up the fight for our Kosovo and, with all my strength, I will fight for Serbia to be in the European Union," said Tadic as he took his presidential oath Friday.
Belgrade and Moscow have stated that any declaration of independence would be "null and void" and a violation of international law-a point they made at a closed-door meeting of the UN Security Council on Thursday.


 Kenya deal ‘very close’, says Annan
AFP, Kenya

Former UN chief Kofi Annan said a deal to end Kenya's political turmoil was "very close" and voiced hope that the "last difficult and frightening step" would be taken next week.
Annan has been leading talks between negotiators for President Mwai Kibaki and opposition leader Raila Odinga to end weeks of violence, that has caused more than 1,000 deaths since a disputed December 27 election. A statement from Ban Ki-moon, Annan's successor as UN chief, welcomed the news. "The Secretary-General is encouraged by the progress toward resolving the political crisis in Kenya announced today in Nairobi," said the statement from his office. In Nairobi, Annan told reporters: "We are very close. We are moving steady."
"We are on the water's edge and the last difficult and frightening step, as difficult as it is, will be taken." US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice is due in Nairobi on Monday to meet with the leaders and support Annan's mediation.
But President George W. Bush, who due to Washington on a five-nation tour of Africa shortly, was not scheduled to visit Kenya.
Annan said the rival parties had agreed to