TUESday, april 22, 2008 , baishakh 9, Rabius Sani 15, 1428 a.h

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Leading News

Difficult to hold credible elections in Emergency: US Ambassador

Staff Correspondent

Newly appointed US Ambassador James F Moriarty has ruled out the possibility of free and fair election under state of emergency. "It is difficult to hold any free, fair and credible election under the state of emergency, he said while addressing his first press conference at American Club in Gulshan on Monday.
Terming the present time as being critical for Bangladesh he said the country is going through a transition and reformation to achieve a vibrant democracy for which the country has been struggling for 37 years after its independence just as the United States has strived to get democracy for long 231 years.
He pointed out three key challenges for Bangladesh which are: promotion of democracy, ensuring development and denying space for terrorism and the USA has keen interest to work over the three issues with Bangladesh which will remain a close partner in the region.
Moriarty hailed the Emergency Government's move to stamp out corruption and bring political and institutional reforms saying, "On January 11, 2007 the present Caretaker Government embarked upon an ambitious programme which has lowered corruption and reformed institutions. Much has been accomplished in a short period of time." But this government has less than eight months of time in its hand before the general election to finish its ambitious tasks, he pointed out.
Affirming US support to the Emergency Government, he said as a friend the US fully supports this government on the issues of restoring democracy by holding free, fair and transparent election by the end of this year. He also called upon the people of Bangladesh to support and stand by this government to fulfill its mandate to strengthen democracy and eliminate corruption.
About US help in the development issues he recalled, "The U.S. has provided roughly $5 billion in assistance to Bangladesh since its independence, and our annual assistance programmes average a $100 million. Last year, immediately after Cyclone Sidr, we provided $19.5 million in emergency assistance and logistical support to get desperately needed emergency supplies to the devastated areas. Operation Sea Angel II helped saved lives and demonstrated once again the strong and productive ties between our two nations. We will continue to work with the Government of Bangladesh and Bangladeshis in a wide variety of fields to advance sustainable development", he added.
But most important of all the challenges which Bangladesh will have to succeed in is denial of space to terrorists as having been victimized by terrorism in the recent past, the people of Bangladesh have already understood ills of extremism, he said. He added, "We are working closely with the government to strengthen the capacity of law enforcement agencies to combat terrorism and improve control of Bangladesh's borders and ports of entry. We are also partnering with civil society groups who are rejecting the lies of the extremists who seek to sow hatred. We are grateful for Bangladesh's strong partnership with the United States in the Global War on Terror, and strengthening this partnership will be a priority for me during my tenure in Bangladesh."


54 reformist ex-BNP MPs ask EC to invite Hafiz
Huda waits for certified copy of HC verdict

Staff Correspondent

Acting Secretary General of the reformist camp in BNP, Maj (retd) Hafiz Uddin Ahmed, on Monday reiterated his hope that the party unity will take place soon after the EC dispatches its letter and it is immaterial who gets the invitation.
Hafiz made the statement after some 54 ex-MPs of his faction sent a letter to the election commission asking it to invite Maj (retd) Hafiz for EC-BNP electoral talks. However, no department of the EC received their letter as it was not signed by all the 54 ex-MPs and the list of the names of those ex-MPs was not enclosed.
Meanwhile, the CEC is waiting for the certified copy of High Court verdict that discharged the writ of the detained BNP Chairperson Begum Khaleda Zia against the EC clearing its path to invite Hafiz to the dialogue.
"We will decide only after we get the certified copy of the High Court verdict in our hands," CEC ATM Shamsul Huda told newsmen after holding a meeting with a 12-member delegation of the reformists who carried the letter of 54 ex-MPs to him. The delegation was led by BNP Chairperson's adviser AH Mofazzal Karim.
Asked about the unity of BNP as the EC has long been emphasizing the party unity, Huda opined, "It seems far away."
Later, briefing newsmen at his Banani residence, Hafiz said, "We have come across a news item that a few of standing committee members recently asked the EC to invite the leaders of other faction for the EC-BNP dialogue and that's why the former BNP MPs have realized that they should clarify their stand. Against this backdrop, some 54 ex-BNP MPs sent a letter to the EC requesting it to invite us for the dialogue."
Calling upon the leaders of his rival faction to sit together, Hafiz said, "Let us sit together to devise a plan on how to run the party and how to secure the release of the detained Chairperson. In reply to a question, he said, "We will take the senior leaders of other camp along with us, if we are invited to the dialogue"
Responding to a query, he said, "Party posts can never be a hurdle on the way to reuniting the party. We are always in favour of party unity as there is no alternative to unity to win the next general election. Let us see what happens …the EC will dispatch its invitation letter in a day or two and I hope whoever gets the letter the unity will take place in the party."
Asked if the EC invites Khandoker Delwar Hossain to the dialogue and if Delwar Hossain requests him to join dialogue with them, Hafiz said, "Of course, we will join the dialogue unitedly."


 AL’s front orgs urge street agitation to free Hasina
Staff Correspondent

Leaders of some eight front organisations of Awami League at a meeting on Monday urged its central committee to announce tough agitation programme to release the detained AL President and former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina.
"Legal remedy is not enough to free our party chief; there is no alternative but to wage street agitation across the country," they observed.
The Presidents and General Secretaries of some eight front organisations of AL held an views-exchange-meeting at Bangabandhu Avenue's AL Central Office with Bangladesh Krishak League (KL) president Dr Mirza Abdul Jalil in the chair yesterday.
Leaders at the meeting demanded of the Caretaker Government to ensure Hasina's proper treatment in the United States as per the recommendation of doctors, lifting of the State of Emergency and announcing the date of upcoming general election within the shortest possible time.
Dr Mirza Abdul Jalil vowed to release Hasina first and then go on with other demands of the rest five-point earlier placed before the advisers to the Caretaker Government during the recent bilateral informal talks between the Government and the AL held at the State Guest House Meghna. He urged the authorities to withdraw all 'false' cases lodged against the AL leaders and activists including Sheikh Hasina. "The ongoing 'Mass Hunger Strike' of different front organisations- demanding immediate release of the AL president - will turn into a mass-upsurge shortly," he cautioned the Government adding, "Don't test our patience any longer. The people are very much fed up at present and a dire consequence is waiting for you."
Meanwhile, detained AL President Sheikh Hasina, now undergoing treatment in capital's Square Hospital since Saturday noon, was not produced before the Special Judge Court in connection with the Barge-Mounted Power Plants case yesterday as the attending Physicians did not permit her to move on her health grounds.
Talking to The Bangladesh Today, Deputy Inspector General (Prisons) Major Shamsul Haider Siddique said, "Sheikh Hasina was not taken to court as doctors suggested her taking rest."
Replying to a query, he said "Her health condition is quite fine today. But doctors know better as to when she would be taken back to the special jail."


 SC puts off judgment on HC ruling over bail under EPR
UNB, Dhaka

The crucial judgment by the Supreme Court on a government appeal challenging a HC ruling over its jurisdiction to dispose of bail petitions in criminal cases under the EPR could not be pronounced Monday as a judge fell sick.
Before the resumption of the court at 9-20 am, a bench officer informed that the scheduled judgment would not be delivered Monday, as one judge of the 7-member full court of the Appellate Division fell sick.
"The next date for the announcement of the judgment will be fixed when the judge returns to the court," the bench officer added.
Attorney General Fida M Kamal, who moved the government appeal against the High Court ruling, was present at the court.
On April 22 last year, a High Court division bench, comprising Justice Nozrul Islam Chowdhury and Justice SM Emdadul Huq in its verdict had affirmed that it has the locus standi to dispose of petitions by persons seeking bails in criminal cases under the stringent Emergency Power Rules.
The HC verdict came following an application by an oil trader of Khulna, Maijuddin Sikder, on March 29 last year seeking bail in a case, filed under the EPR, over adulterated oil supply.


 British HC expects swift, stern action over assault of British nat’l at ZIA

UNB, Dhaka

The British High Commission in Dhaka expects a swift and stern action over the recent alleged assault of a British national by security personnel at Zia International Airport.
A spokesman for the British High Commission Monday said, "We're fully aware of, and engaged on, this incident. The UK takes any allegation of abuse very seriously. We've consistently urged Bangladesh's government, military and law enforcement agencies to act proportionately, with respect for human rights and the rule of law."
"The British High Commission has taken up the matter at the most senior levels of the Bangladeshi government and military, and has been assured that swift and stern action will be taken. We continue to provide full consular assistance," the spokesman said.
Meanwhile, Bangladesh Air Force has formed a three-member high-level probe body, headed by a group captain of the Air Force, to investigate the incident.
An ISPR release Monday said the Air Force has already taken steps for taking punitive actions against those involved in the incident after proper investigation into it.
The Bangladeshi-born British citizen, Barrister Rezwan Hossian, an adviser to charity department of London-based TV Channel S, at a press conference in London on April 17 alleged that he was tortured by a group of security personnel at the Bangladesh international airport.

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Govt to ensure quality mass education: Education Adviser
Staff Correspondent

Primary and Mass Education Adviser Rasheda K. Choudhury on Monday said the Government has decided to appoint some primary cadres through PSC
for upgrading the existing primary education system.
"The government is trying to upgrade the present education system, and to do so, concerned ministry has sent a proposal to the council of advisors for its approval, all the appointment would be done through PSC. The main objective of its to upgrade the existing method of primary education to cope with the developed nation's education system," said the adviser, while speaking as chief guest at the launching ceremony of Asia Pacific Education Watch Report at the LGED Bhaban in the capital yesterday.
Rasheda said, "We have been facing two types of challenges in our education; one of them is lack of qualitative education and good governance, people are struggling to cope with the soaring prices of livelihood, the educations must be free of cost, from the next year, the government will provide books for the primary students without any cost."
"Many parents are sending their children to the coaching centres, but if the schooling systems can ensure proper teaching, I hope there will be no need for sending the children to the coaching centres which are commercial." said the adviser adding "restrictions might be imposed, so that the school teachers cannot join in these coaching centres."
On the occasion of revealing the report, representatives from ten Asian nations were present at the function, the participants countries are: Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Island and Sri Lanka.
Speakers made some recommendations such as Public funding needs to be increased, particularly in view of commitment to universal and free quality primary education for all and also for quality secondary education for the maximum number.
This anomaly should be corrected, particularly urgently in the case of primary education in view of the state's constitutional obligation of ensuring equality of opportunities for all citizens and because ensuring basic education for all is its primary responsibility.
Resources should be made available for improving the quality of education of all students through facilitation and properly developed guidelines for continuous evaluations and strict monitoring and supervision. A local citizens' monitoring arrangement may be designed and required to be locally put in place and implemented throughout the country.


 Coal Policy likely next month
Staff Correspondent

Special Assistant to Head of the Caretaker Government for the Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources Prof M Tamim on Monday said there is no alternative to energy security for maintaining smooth economic growth of the country.
He said, "Due to the scarcity of natural gas, no new industry can be established and gradually the gap between demand and supply is increasing. If we do not go for finding new gas resources, the industrialization process will be hampered to a large extent".
Dr Tamim was addressing a Symposium titled 'Mining and Community Livelihood in Bangladesh' organized by Petrobangla at its conference room yesterday with SM Wahiduzzaman, Secretary, Ministry of Science and Information and Communication was in the chair.
He said the government has taken all initiative to formulate a coal policy soon,
Regarding the timeframe of finalization the coal policy, Tamim said, "It is at the end stage; we would be able to finalize the much waited policy within two months and it will be formulated maintaining transparency and accountability, so that none can criticize the government".
He said, "As Petrobangla has financial crisis, so we need a partner for developing our coal mining, and for gas exploration, we also require a huge investment in this sector and that's why Petrobangla is looking for partners as it needs a total amount of $ 8 billion for the development of the coal and gas mines."
Tamim also emphasized on ensuring environment, livelihood and food and energy security before start of digging in any mine, saying, " We must take note that no decision should be taken without ensuring environmental and livelihood safety and discussing with the people living in the specific area. We must follow such mining method which would minimize harm to the people and the government must compensate the people for their losses."
He said, "At present most of our power plants are running on gas, but from the next year, we have to use coal for power production to release the pressure on gas. Besides, the country should go for power production using atomic energy as it only can ensure the power production for a longer period which is required for economic growth."
Speaking at the symposium, Secretary, Energy and Mineral Resource Division, Mohammad Mohsin said, "World energy demand is increasing by 23 % per year, so we are looking for alternative energy sources to meet the growing demand of the country. And coal mining should more cautiously because a lot of issues are related with it."
Petrobangla Chairman Jalal Ahmed said, "Most of the coal mines are located in the country's northern region where population density is mush higher, so before selecting the mining method, the decision has to taken after consulting with the people living in the area."


Biman-Boeing deal today
8 new-generation aircraft to be procured

UNB, Dhaka

Biman Bangladesh Airlines Limited, the national flag carrier, will sign a deal with US plane-maker Boeing today (Tuesday) to procure eight new-generation aircraft.
Biman's board of directors at a marathon meeting here Sunday night approved the final deal to be signed with Boeing, as a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to this effect was already signed on March 15.
Besides, the board decided to take on lease a Boeing 747 from Orient Thai, as the company was the lowest bidder in the tender. Another decision was taken to put Osborne Aeronautical Services as the second choice to get the Boeing 747 under ACMI lease system.
On March 9, the Biman board decided to buy eight Boeing aircraft at $ 1.265 billion to resuscitate the country's lone public sector airlines.
Of the eight Boeings, the first consignment of four aircraft will be arriving here in 2013 while the second consignment in 2017.
The first Boeing 777-300ER aircraft will cost US$ 182.17 million while the other three US$ 182.51 million, US$ 183.20 million and US$ 184.01 million. The initial selling price of this kind of aircraft is US$ 272 million.
The first Boeing 787 aircraft will cost US$ 132.83 million, while the other three will cost US$ 133.08 million, US$ 133.53 million and US$ 133.81 million. The initial selling price of these planes are US$ 167 million.
The four Boeings (777-300ER), scheduled to come in 2013, will have 463 seats, including 39 business class ones and 424 of economy class, while the second-phase Boeings (787), expected to arrive in 2017, will have 394 seats with 26 of business class and 268 of economy class.


Climate Change, food security twin concerns for developing world: Iftekhar
 

UNB, Accra

Foreign Adviser Dr Iftekhar Ahmed Chowdhury on Sunday told the Ministers of the Group of 77 and China that climate change and food security have been the twin concerns for the developing world.
He said this at a Ministerial Meeting of G-77 took pace in Accra during the UNCTAD XII Conference.
Speaking as chairman of the least developed countries (LDCs), Iftekhar underscored the need for maintaining close relations between the LDCs and the G-77 as both sides represent the developing world. "The LDCs are part of the G-77. For decades they have shared empathy and aspirations. They have been supportive to each other. They have championed similar causes. They stand together in firm solidarity," he said.
About food security, Iftekhar said the developing world is passing through a critical time. "We've asked the UN Secretary General to take initiatives himself to set up a high-level panel with eminent persons to examine all related issues for consideration of an international conference for addressing the crisis."
He also referred to a specific proposal he had made the previous day to the LDC Ministers, which was incorporated in the LDC Ministerial Declaration issued in Accra.


Crime

Two stabbed to death in city
Staff Reporter

A young man was stabbed to death by his younger brother at Demra in the capital on Monday morning.
The deceased was identified as Ripon, 22, son of Abdur Rashid of the area. According to police, Russel locked in a quarrel over corrugated iron sheets meant for relief. Following an altercation Russel attacked his elder brother Ripon and at one stage stabbed him indiscriminately leaving him dead on the spot.
On information, police recovered the body and sent it to the Dhaka Medical College Hospital for autopsy. A case was lodged with Demra police station but none was arrested till the filing of the report last night.
BDNEWS24 also adds: Writer Momena Ahmed, the wife of the late chairman of Dhaka University's Applied Physics Department Sultan Ahmed, was knifed to death Monday, police and witnesses said.
The police arrested a youth, named Faruq, on charges of being involved in the killing. Investigators are chasing the leads to the killing of the 65-year-old woman, who had also worked for Udyana School as a librarian.
Security guards held and handed Faruq over to the police.
A housemaid claimed that Faruq was held when he was fleeing the scene after slaughtering Momena at her Dhanmondi home at about 1:30 pm. Quoting Momena's relatives, the police said the killing might have stemmed from her row with a publishing house. Dhanmondi police chief Monwar Hossain told bdnews24.com that the police would investigate the alleged links of the publisher in the killing. Momen's husband Prof Sultan Ahmed died in 1994.

3 sub-inspectors closed following death of a man in custody
UNB, Narayanganj

Three police sub-inspectors were closed tonight to the Police Lines following preliminary investigation report into the death of a suspected mugger in custody Friday night.
The action was taken against sub-inspectors Babul Akter, Saiful Islam and Mamoon.
A three-member committee was formed Saturday to probe into the death of Fakir Chan of Siddirganj following allegation by his family that he was tortured to death in custody.
Fakir Chan was arrested on April 12 in connection with the mugging of Tk 6 lakh from in front of Sonali Bank at Godnyle on April 6. Police had in a press release explained the reason of fatal injuries while Fakir Chan in hand cuff position tried to flee.
His family said the main culprit ASP Jannatul Hassan who mercilessly beat him resulting to the death remained unpunished.

Man gets 7-yr RI
A Correspondent, Sirajganj

The court in Sirajganj sentenced a man to 7-year Rigorous Imprisonment (RI) in a murder case on Monday.
The convict is: Md. Abdur Rashid, 35, son of late Eusuf Ali of village Harinathpur-Bagbati under sadar upazila.
Satendra Nath Ghosh, the additional district and session judge-1, pronounced the verdict.
According to the prosecution, the convict physically tortured his wife Kazoli Khatun, daughter of Mafiz Mandol, of village Sthalbari under Kazipur upazila of the district, due to a family feud on 10 July 1999.
At one stage, when she died, he hanged her body with sari with the ceiling of his house.
Later police recovered the deceased and recorded a case in this matter with Kazipur police station.

Housewife commits suicide
UNB, Jhalakati

A housewife allegedly committed suicide hanging from a mango tree over the sale of a calf by her husband at Godva village in Nalchiti upazila Sunday.
Police Sunday morning recovered the body of Shahnaj Parveen, 40, mother of four children, and sent it to hospital morgue for autopsy.
Being hard hit by poverty, her husband Haider Ali sold a calf of his house to support his family, which angered his wife and at one stage she committed suicide.
Haider, a pushcart driver, was taken to thana for interrogation. A UD case was filed.

Woman injured in acid attack
UNB, Madaripur

A woman sustained severe burn injuries in an acid attack at Kadambari village in Rajoir upazila on Sunday morning. Police said a gang of terrorists hurled acid at Shanti Rani, 26, wife of Bikash Chandra Majumber at about 9am and soon fled the scene. The victim was rushed to the upazila health complex.
Reason behind the attack could not be known immediately. A case was filed.

Old man slaughtered
UNB, Sirajganj

A sexagenarian man was slaughtered by unidentified assailants at Bandhangachha village in Ullapara upazila on Friday night.
Police said terrorists slaughtered Akter Hossain, 60, and left his body on the nearby rail line when he was returning home at Bandhangachha from nearby Dahakula village at night. Being informed by the local people, police rushed to the spot and recovered the body.
Police detained UP member Saiful Islam and Nimai Chandra suspecting their involvement in the murder.

2 thieves killed in mass beating
UNB, Chittagong

Two suspected thieves were killed in a lynch-mob attack in a factory at Baro Aulia in Sitakunda upazila here Monday.
The deceased were identified as Mohammad Harun, 28, and Jahidul Islam, 31.
Police said Harun and Jahid tried to enter the 'Equity Readymade Factory Ltd' by cutting its grill at about 4:30am. Hearing screams of the factory security guard, local people rushed in and gave them a good beating, leaving them critically injured. As police were taking them to Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Harun died on the way while Jahid at the hospital after admission. A case was filed.

UP chairman sued
UNB, Pirojpur

Dhawa union parishad chairman in Bhandaria upazila Siddiqur Rahman Tulu was sued Saturday for misappropriation of rice under VGD. Police said 24 kgs of rice instead of 30 kgs were distributed among the destitute including widows at Dhawa union parishad on April 14.
Being displeased at distribution of less quantity of rice the recipients later complained to UNO who formed a three-member investigation committee.
Upazila women affairs officer Khelada Khanam, who headed the committee, filed the case later Saturday night as she found the
chairman guilty.
Local people alleged that the chairman, who is now on the run, was involved in various criminal activities since long.

Jubo Dal leader held
A Correspondent, Barisal

Jasimuddin alias Manik Fakir, 40, secretary of Kalapara upazila Jubodal under Patuakhali district, arrested by police on Monday morning.
Sekandar Howladar, Officer-in-Charge of Kalapara police station, said Manik as a top terror of the area went wanted for more than a dozen criminal cases of extortion, violation against women, attack on journalist in Kalapara, Amtali, Taltali, police stations of Patuakhali and Barguna districts.
He tried to escape arrest by jumping to Andhar Manik River, but police succeeded to arrest him by chasing, OC added. Manik was sent to Patuakhali jail at afternoon.

2 NGO officials held
UNB, Feni

Two officials of an NGO here in the town on Sunday were arrested on charge of confining two poor rickshaw-pullers for realizing loan money from them.
The two arrested officials were identified as Shamsuddoha, regional manager of Social Development Initiative (SDI) and its branch manager HS Rustam.
On information, police raided the SDI regional office at Pathanbari in the town at noon and rescued the rickshaw-pullers Abu Bakar and Khaleque. The two NGO officials were also taken into custody.

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Editorial

Accidents Continue to Take Their Toll on Human Lives

Everyday millions of people are on the move to and from cities and within cities. Most of these movements take place by roads, highways and river routes. Also each day we are faced with multiple news of accidents which account for scores of death and injuries daily and which tally up to thousands each year and yet public consciousness, awareness and concern rarely goes beyond pity and commiseration. Authorities, law-enforcement agencies, the Government and even the public have long habituated themselves to considering such events as normal hazards attendant to traveling.
Injuries and deaths are the ultimate price that some people have to pay for traveling but before that there are other hazards to be overcome : exorbitant fares which defy any controls, long waits and even longer traveling times, harassment by touts and thieves and finally miserable traveling condition in ramshackle transports be they road bound or riverine.
Speed has become the driving force in our lives. Everyone is in a hurry-to get to work, to unload a cargo, to get home, to drop off the kids, to pick them up, to get to the market. We must go ever faster, and we build our cars ever stronger to protect us in the reckless chase for money and status not knowing that the truck near our car is a time bomb ticking away as the metal liner of its CNG cylinder has already frayed out and is about to give way to a slight concussion.
Thousands of people in our country are falling prey everyday to our love for speed, shoddy brakes, adulterated lubricants, CNG gas cylinders made of fatigued metals, spurious replacements of vital parts, laxity of traffic law, faulty/no traffic signal and unbridled behavior of unruly, untrained and drunken drivers driving defective and unscientifically modified vehicles on our dilapidated and poorly maintained roads and highways.
According to the Accident Research Centre (ARC) of BUET thirty-two people are killed everyday on the roads of our country and according to Red Cross & Red Crescent Society three thousand people (including 500 children) are killed everyday on the roads of the world. This amounts to 1.2 million deaths a year. In addition, more than 50 million people are seriously injured on roads every year; many are disabled for life.
World report of 2004 jointly published by World Bank and World Health Organization cried for taking immediate measures to check road crashes in poor countries as it predicted that fatalities on roads will fall by 20 percent in high-income economies like in USA and rise by 80 percent in low-income economies like in Bangladesh in the coming years, if we fail to follow what the developed countries are doing to reverse the trend of road mishaps.
Hundreds of road mishaps are not heard about even by local people of the area where the road crashes are taking place in our country. Only a very few are reported in the news media and fewer are recorded by the police or the statistician and no follow-up story of a handful of those reported crashes is ever published in any newspaper as to plights of the victims left in the lurch: their groans in hospitals or hunger of the children who became orphans.
If traumas and tribulations of those crash victims were published in news media in serials, perhaps there could have been an earthquake of public opinions to compel our government to right all the wrongs on the roads or the nerves of the reckless drivers could perhaps have been calmed enough not to fly their cars at supersonic speed or ram their trucks on the wrong sides of the roads or hurtle their buses onto the rail track when the speeding train is only a few yards away.
Except for railways, the government has entirely given up on mass public transportation leaving it to the private sector to provide that service. The private sector has of course welcomed this opportunity at minting money at least cost to themselves. Over a period of two decades powerful mafias have developed in both road and riverine transport sectors who control everything from fares to routes, from licensing to recruitments and from ticketing stalls to stands and "ghats". The government authorities such as the BRTA, BIWTA and the police rarely, if ever, pay attention to this miserable state of affairs; in fact, officials and personnel from these agencies form a part of the mafia, taking hefty bribes from various interest groups engaged in the business. The ultimate suffers are the people who have to travel in order to earn a living, to get to and from work or to do business. Government have come and gone but none have seen fit to do anything about a matter which of such a fundamental and basic interest to the public - the need and the requirement of an efficient and corruption-free public transportation system.

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Analysis

The Responsibility to Protect: Ending Mass Atrocity Crimes

The overwhelming preoccupation of those who founded the UN was not in fact human rights but the problem of states waging aggressive war against each other.

Gareth Evans

Every time you think that we really have accomplished something over the last few years, and that the world may be becoming a marginally more civilized place, something brings you up with rather a start. I had such a moment when I came across this quote from a Shanghai professor in USA Today in October last year, at the time of the Burmese regime's crackdown against the monks' protest:
China has used tanks to kill people on Tiananmen Square. It is Myanmar's sovereign right to kill their own people, too....
We have made some real progress, which I will describe in this talk, in getting apparent consensus at the highest levels of government that there is something wrong with the view that that it's no-one's business but their own if states murder or forcibly displace large numbers of their own citizens, or allow atrocity crimes to be committed by one group against another on their soil. But when it comes to getting that understanding deeply embedded in the consciousness and practice of states everywhere, and - it seems - into the minds of even university professors everywhere, we still have some distance to go.
The truth of the matter is that for an insanely long time - centuries in fact, going all the way back to the emergence of the modern system of states in the 1600s - the view has prevailed that state sovereignty is a license to kill. After World War II and Hitler's Holocaust some progress was certainly made in challenging this absolutist concept of sovereignty, with individual and group human rights recognized in the UN Charter and, more grandly, in the Universal Declaration; with the Nuremberg Tribunal Charter in 1945 recognizing the concept of 'crimes against humanity'; and with the signing of the Genocide Convention in 1948.
But the overwhelming preoccupation of those who founded the UN was not in fact human rights but the problem of states waging aggressive war against each other. And what actually captured the mood of the time, and the mood that prevailed right through the Cold War years, was, more than any of the human rights provisions, Article 2(7) of the UN Charter: "Nothing should authorize intervention in matters essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any State". The state of mind that even massive atrocity crimes like those of the Cambodian killing fields were just not the rest of the world's business prevailed throughout the UN's first half-century of existence: Vietnam's invasion, which stopped the Khmer Rouge in its tracks, was universally attacked, not applauded.
With the arrival of the 1990s, and the end of the Cold War, the prevailing complacent assumptions about non-intervention did at last come under challenge as never before. The quintessential peace and security problem, you'll remember - before 9/11 came along to dominate everything - became not interstate war, but civil war and internal violence perpetrated on a massive scale. With the break-up of various Cold War state structures, and the removal of some superpower constraints, conscience-shocking situations repeatedly arose, above all in the former Yugoslavia and in Africa
But old habits of non-intervention died very hard. Even when situations cried out for some kind of response, and the international community did react through the UN, it was too often erratically, incompletely or counter-productively, as in the debacle of Somalia in 1993, the catastrophe of Rwandan genocide in 1994, and the almost unbelievable default in Srebrenica, Bosnia just a year later, in 1995.
Then the killing and ethnic cleansing started all over again in Kosovo in 1999. Not everyone, but certainly most people, and governments, accepted quite rapidly that external military intervention was the only way to stop it. But again the Security Council failed to act in the face of a threatened veto by Russia. The action that needed to be taken was eventually taken, by a coalition of the willing, but in a way that challenged the integrity of the whole international security system (just as did the invasion of Iraq four years later in far less defensible circumstances).
Throughout the decade of the 1990s a fierce argument raged between on the one hand, advocates of "humanitarian intervention" - the doctrine that there was a "right to intervene" militarily, against the will of the government of the country in question, in these cases - and on the other hand defenders of the traditional prerogatives of state sovereignty, who insisted that internal events were none of the rest of the world's business. It was very much a North-South debate, with the many new states born out of decolonization being very proud of their new won sovereignty, very conscious of their fragility, and all too conscious of the way in which they had been on the receiving end in the past of not very benign interventions from the imperial and colonial powers, and not very keen to acknowledge their right to do so again, whatever the circumstances. And it was a very bitter debate, with the trenches dug deep on both sides, and the verbal missiles flowing thick and fast, often in very ugly terms.
This was the unpromising environment in which the concept of the responsibility to protect was born, and we need to take all that background into account if we are to appreciate just how significant, how groundbreaking, this new concept is.
It was an environment which led Kofi Annan to issue his now famous challenge to the General Assembly in 1999, and again in 2000: "If humanitarian intervention is indeed an unacceptable assault on sovereignty, how should we respond to a Rwanda, to a Srebrenica - to gross and systematic violations of human rights that offend every precept of our common humanity?"
And it was this challenge to which the Canadian-government responded by appointing the international commission, which I co-chaired, that came up in 2001 with the idea of 'the responsibility to protect' (or 'R2P' as we are all now, rather inelegantly, calling it for short).
The core idea of the responsibility to protect, or R2P, is very simple. Turn the notion of 'right to intervene' upside down. Talk not about the 'right' of big states to do anything, but the responsibility of all states to protect their own people from atrocity crimes, and to help others to do so. Talk about the primary responsibility being that of individual states themselves - respecting their sovereignty - but make it absolutely clear that if they cannot meet that responsibility, through either ill-will or incapacity, it then shifts to the wider international community to take the appropriate action.
Focus not on the notion of 'intervention' but of protection: look at the whole issue from the perspective of the victims, the men being killed, the women being raped, the children dying of starvation; and look at the responsibility in question as being above all a responsibility to prevent, with the question of reaction - through diplomatic pressure, through sanctions, through international criminal prosecutions, and ultimately through military action - arising only if prevention failed. And accept coercive military intervention only as an absolute last resort, after a number of clearly defined criteria have been met, and the approval of the Security Council has been obtained.
Well, as many blue-ribbon commissions and panels have discovered over the years, it is one thing to labor mightily and produce what looks like a major new contribution to some policy debate, but quite another to get any policymaker to take any notice of it. But the extraordinary thing is that governments did take notice of the R2P idea: within four years it had won unanimous endorsement by the more than 150 heads of state and government meeting as the UN General Assembly at the 2005 World Summit, and within another year had been embraced in a Security Council resolution. This was an unbelievably short time, just a blink of an eye, in the history of ideas - and particularly for an idea that was challenging the received wisdom of centuries, subtly yes, but very directly challenging.
So a big part of the job is done. The foundations for consensus have been laid. We have in the new language a strong basis for finding common ground on hugely divisive issue (rather in the way that the Brundtland Commission years earlier, with 'sustainable development', found a way to bridge the chasm which then existed between environmentalists and developers). We have something in place which can properly be described as a new international norm, and perhaps on its way toward becoming a new rule of customary international law. We have the new language gradually gaining currency and recognition. We have a new Secretary General of the UN who has embraced the concept with all the enthusiasm of his predecessor and is quick, like many governments now, to use R2P language to describe the situation in Darfur, and the situation in Kenya when it erupted so horribly - and so reminiscently of Rwanda - just over three months ago. And we have the evidence before our eyes of the international response to Kenya being, quick, responsive and successful - at least so far.
But it's too early yet to break out the champagne. It's one thing to have agreement in the abstract, quite another thing to have something that is operational in practice. It's one thing to have formal agreement, quite another to have the real agreement that means that when the next conscience-shocking atrocity situation comes along, as it surely will, the universal reflex action, all round the world, will be not to ask whether to act, but only where, when and how to act.
Those of us passionate about R2P, and who believe as I do, that we at last have an internationally agreed basis on which we can begin to be confident that we'll never again have to say 'never again', have to acknowledge that there are three big pieces of unfinished business.
First, there's a conceptual challenge: to refine and define the concept in such a way that the many misunderstandings that still stand in the way of its genuine universal acceptance, and of getting agreement about what is and is not an R2P situation, are overcome. Central among those misunderstandings, real or contrived, are that R2P is only about military intervention, and that the invasion of Iraq in 2003 was a good example of its application. It isn't and it wasn't.
Secondly, there's an institutional challenge: to put in place the early warning and response capability, the diplomatic capability, the civilian response capability, and - for extreme cases - the military capability, to ensure that the internationally community, if it has the will, can deliver the appropriate response to whatever new atrocity crime situation that comes along that demands its engagement.
Thirdly, there's a political challenge: to have in place the mechanisms to ensure that, again when a new challenge comes along, the political will can be in fact generated to meet it -- that means both 'top down' energizing of the highest levels of government and intergovernmental decision making, and 'bottom up' grass roots action to kick the decision makers into action if they are showing signs of hesitation.
In order to tackle these challenges in a systematic and effective way, I have been involved very recently in launching, with the help of a number of like-minded governments from both North and South, and foundations, a new 'Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect'. Based in New York, with a small but highly professional staff, working with Associated Centres being established in a number of countries, and a network of affiliates, and closely locked in to the UN system, this will provide research and advocacy support to both governments and NGOs, and engage over time in a major global public outreach exercise. I hope you will feel when you learn more about it, that this Centre - and its associated programs and institutions - deserve your support.
Just a final personal word. I suspect that for all of us for whom the idea of responsibility to protect really resonates, there will have been some personal experience which has touched us deeply. For many of us that will be bound to be scarifying family memories of the Holocaust; for others the experience of personal loss or closely knowing survivors from Rwanda or Srebrenica or any of the other mass atrocity scenes of more recent decades; for others still, perhaps, the awful sense that they could have done more, in their past official lives, to generate the kind of international response that these situations required.
For me it was my visit to Cambodia in the late 1960s, just before the genocidal slaughter which killed two million of its people. I was a young Australian making my first trip to Europe, to take up a scholarship in Oxford, and I spent six months wending my way by plane and overland through a dozen countries in Asia, and a few more in Africa and the Middle East as well. And in every one of them I spent many hours and days on student campuses and in student hangouts, and in hard-class cross-country trains and ramshackle rural buses, getting to know in the process - usually fleetingly, but quite often enduringly, in friendships that have lasted to this day - scores of some of the liveliest and brightest people of that generation.
In the years that followed I have kept running into Indonesians, Singaporeans, Malaysians, Thais, Vietnamese, Indians, Pakistanis and others who I either met on the road on that trip, or who were there at the time and had a store of common experiences to exchange. But among all the countries in Asia I visited then, there is just one, Cambodia, from which I never again, in later years, saw any of those students whom I had met and befriended, or anyone exactly like them. Not one of those kids with whom I drank beer, ate noodles and careered up and down the dusty road from Phnom Penh to Siem Reap in share taxis, scattering chickens and pigs and little children in villages all along the way.
The reason, I am sadly certain, is that every last one of them died a few years later under Pol Pot's murderous genocidal regime - either targeted for execution in the killing fields as a middle-class intellectual enemy of the state, or dying, as more than a million did, from starvation and disease following forced displacement to labor in the countryside. The knowledge, and the memory, of what must have happened to those young men and women haunt me to this day.
And it means that my attachment to the idea, and ideal, of the responsibility to protect is not just a matter of intellectual persuasion, but of very powerful emotional commitment. I know that will be the case for a great many of you too, so let's work together to make that ideal a reality.

(The above is an address by Gareth Evans, President, International Crisis Group, to Global Philanthropy Forum, San Francisco, 11 April 2008. Source: www.crisisgroup.org)


 Save Environment by Recycling

Everyone can definitely help the environment by recycling the things we use. We can recycle almost everything we use.

Mohammad Shahidul Islam

The bountiful nature has endowed us with profuse resources to live on. We human beings make use of these resources for our convenience and while doing so we pollute the environment. This will for sure transform earth to a non inhabitable place. It is our responsibility to safeguard the natural resources so that our successor can live a good life too.
Despite the warnings being given about the harmful effects of global warming and other environmental problems, most individuals are doing very little about it today. Global warming, deforestation, acid rains, the endangerment of various species etc have gone completely out of control in many areas around the globe. Various methods and suggestions are being offered to reduce the effects of these altogether and if possible, eradicate it completely. Did we know that recycling done on an everyday basis could actually help our planet Earth on a large extent? This can begin even at home. The benefits of recycling are many, from reducing the effects of industrial production to saving energy.
Everyone can definitely help the environment by recycling the things we use. We can recycle almost everything we use. It is better to buy recyclable items so that they can be recycled and a new material can be manufactured out of the scrap. If every one of us keeps this in mind, the emission of greenhouse gases and the other pollutions can definitely be controlled.
Recycling has many other advantages too. We can save the power by recycling the used products. Manufacturing a new product requires power and energy. When we recycle, we can save a large quantity of energy and power. Also manufacture involves the use of non renewable resources. By recycling we preserve these resources.
Waste materials are dumped into landfill sites. This is good when all the waste materials are degradable. But a great percentage of our wastes are non bio degradable. These pollute the land and will affect the underground water. When the non bio degradable products are burned they emit gases that deplete the ozone layer in the atmosphere. This will result in more ultraviolet radiations reaching the living atmosphere which is very dangerous.
The end products of the recycling process are used as raw materials for the manufacture of other products. Getting these raw materials from the recycled products will preserve the environment as the resources that are used in the manufacture will be more. The recycling process requires investment in machineries and man power. New technologies have to be evolved to recycle very many products that we are using. Though this initial investment is required, the long term effects are great as the environment is protected form depletion and pollution.
Recycling can start from reusing the products. Instead of buying use and throw-away products we can buy reusable products. This will considerably reduce the amount of waste we are dumping to the landfill sites. For example we can use the juice bottles as storage containers so that we can reuse the product for a long time. If every home employs reusing concept then at least 30% of pollution can be controlled.
Recycling plastic is very complex compared to the other materials that we use. Plastic products pose a great threat to the environment. Despite of this fact, plastic is used by everybody and for anything. When your purchase is small don't prefer getting plastic bags from the shop. This will save millions of plastic wastes that are dumped on the land. Bio degradable plastic products are available and we can easily use them. The best help would be to sort the plastic wastes according to the types and submit them to the recycling plant.
Recycling is important because the energy used to recycle a product is less than the energy used to create something new. Our health also benefits from recycling, as it removes pollution and harmful substances from the waste stream. This is not all; we have to remember that the raw materials on Earth will not last for a lifetime, it is thus important to save them! Everybody can lend a hand for recycling to help the environment.

(Mohammad Shahidul Islam is a Freelance Contributor toTFE and a Tourism Worker.
Email: mohd-s-islam@myway.com)


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Iran's Power Brokers

Beyond the outcome of the Shanghai meetings there is the question of long-term U.S. policy toward Iran.

Greg Bruno

Amid another round of crisis diplomacy on Iran's nuclear program, Russia and China appear to hold ever more potent cards. Energy-rich Iran has turned to them for financial and political help. U.S. and EU negotiators, meanwhile, need Russian and Chinese support on the UN Security Council to levy tougher international sanctions-or at least a promise not to veto them. The stakes continue to move higher. In March, Iran applied for full membership to the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, an intergovernmental security organization headed by Russia and China. Pyotr Goncharov, a political commentator for the Russian news agency Novosti, writes that Iran has more than enough economic cause to gain entry. The real issue, he says, is whether China and Russia are willing to look past (Middle East Times) the nuclear question.
In many ways, they already have. China is Iran's second-largest importer of crude oil, accounting for 335,000 barrels a day in 2006, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration. Beijing recently inked a $2 billion deal to develop the Yadavaran oilfield in southern Iran, and is considering investing in Iran's natural gas sector. Overall trade volume has spiked in the last decade, up from $1.2 billion in 1998 to what an Iranian official said was $20 billion (Press TV). Moscow, for its part, maintains close military ties with Tehran (AP) and sells the country nuclear fuel (Reuters). A visit by Russian President Vladimir Putin to Iran in October 2007, capped by a rare welcome from Iran's supreme leader, was seen as a blow to U.S.-backed efforts to isolate Tehran (CSMonitor).
Talks this week in Shanghai involving Russia, China, the United States, and EU powers yielded no clear end to the impasse (AP). China and Russia favor enticements that would reward Iran for abandoning its enrichment activities; the United States and Western allies, which suspect Iran is developing a nuclear weapons capability, prefer a sanctions-based approach. The UN Security Council approved a third round of sanctions in March, increasing the monitoring of Iranian financial institutions, extending travel bans, and freezing assets. But critics who considered the measure too soft aren't holding out hope for tougher moves in China this week. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice has already said she doesn't expect major changes.
Nonetheless, there are signs Moscow and Beijing are softening to U.S. pressure. President Bush, who met with Putin on April 6 in Sochi, praised the Russian leader for his commitment to resolving the Iranian nuclear issue. China has also hinted at cooperation. The Associated Press reports that Beijing supplied the International Atomic Energy Agency with information about Iran's nuclear program.
Amid the stepped-up diplomacy, Iran is hardening its nuclear posture. President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad announced on April 8 that Tehran is installing an additional six thousand centrifuges (Fars) at its Natanz uranium-enrichment facility. Some nuclear experts are skeptical of Iran's claims (RFE/RL), since past Iranian pronouncements have proven exaggerated. Still, others see reason to tighten the noose. In an editorial, the New York Times writes that while there is consensus Iran is moving closer to the technical know-how to build a bomb, "the big powers can't come up with a strategy" to put the brakes on.
Beyond the outcome of the Shanghai meetings there is the question of long-term U.S. policy toward Iran. International Herald Tribune columnist John Vinocur argues the Bush administration's diplomatic blunders have pushed the Iranian problem to the next president. But by 2009 Iran's ties with regional heavyweights will be further entrenched. An analysis of the blossoming relationship between Iran and China, published by the Asia Pacific electronic journal Japan Focus, argues that U.S.-backed sanctions on Tehran have essentially pushed Iran into Asia's arms. Kathy Gockel of the Stanley Foundation sees that same trend with Russia.

(Greg Bruno is a Staff Writer for the Council on Foreign Relations. Source: www.cfr.org)


  Democrats slam McCain on Economics

There have been strong feelings among Americans about US over-spending on terror wars, harming the genuine interests of its own citizens.

The Republican presidential candidate John McCain's opponents from the Democrats are still fighting a stiff course to gain the party nomination for presidential poll in November; they not only fight one another in rhetoric but also are at odds with the Republican hopeful who has already secured the ticket to contest. As the days pass on, the initial glow seen in the faces of the democratic candidates is gradually disappearing, reflecting desperation and despair of the worried democrats, though they now control both the Houses of the Parliament. Issues relating to US economy continue to occupy a significant place in their debate.
The winner of the Democratic nomination battle between Clinton and Obama will face McCain in November's election, and in recent days both candidates have toned down their attacks on each other to focus more directly on McCain. They have criticized the former Navy fighter pilot and prisoner of war in Vietnam for saying he does not know as much about the economy as he does about national security and military issues.
The democratic campaign would finish in June and thus far the final choice between Obama and Hillary has remained a puzzle. So, both are wooing the electoral collage to make the choice. Fortunes have been fluctuating between them in the primaries so far. Democrats Hillary Clinton and Barrack Obama, having pretensions of well-wishers of the down-trodden, have assailed potential White House opponent John McCain on the economy on April 01, accusing the Republican of favoring the wealthy and turning his back on struggling workers and middle-class families. Clinton and Obama were in Pennsylvania on 01 April ahead of the next contest when 158 pledged delegates will be at stake. Some Democrats are concerned the prolonged campaign will hurt the eventual winner in the match-up with McCain. But Clinton, who trails Obama in pledged delegates won in state-by-state contests, has rejected calls to step aside.
The Democratic presidential contenders, campaigning in Pennsylvania ahead of their April 22 showdown, took a break from attacking each other to portray the Arizona senator McCain as uncertain and untested on economic issues. In separate appearances but similar language, Obama and Hillary said McCain would take his economic cues from President George W. Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney. "John McCain admits he doesn't understand the economy -- and unfortunately he's proving it in this campaign," Clinton told the Pennsylvania AFL-CIO union group. "After seven disastrous years of George Bush and Dick Cheney, the stakes in this election couldn't be higher and the need to change course couldn't be more urgent. But John McCain is only offering more of the same," the New York senator Hillary said. However, she has not condemned in clear term the US invasion of Afghanistan and Iraq to which she makes references.
Obama played down worries the long campaign would hurt the eventual Democratic nominee. "I think this contest has been good for the Democratic Party. We've brought in all kinds of new people into the process. And I think that bodes well for November," he said on NBC's "Today" show.
There have been strong feelings among Americans about US over-spending on terror wars, harming the genuine interests of its own citizens. The latest move by the Bush administration to seriously consider withdrawal form Iraq is seen from this perspective. All these candidates, across the political divide, have talked about worsening economic situation in the country, but none is bold enough to reveal the base cause of all this. Obama, an Illinois senator, said all McCain offers "is four more years of the same George W. Bush policies that have gotten us into this pickle." He noted McCain's support for extending Bush's tax cuts, which Obama said would help the wealthy, and his support for trade agreements that Obama said do not protect U.S. workers. "His response to the housing crisis amounts to little more than standing on the sidelines and watching millions of Americans lose their homes," Obama said. But no one in the USA or else where doubts if McCain would not continue with polices of George Bush.
It looks like Hillary has outsmarted Obama in highlighting goals of future economy. Hillary has focused on job creation, if elected. She also has proposed a plan to create 3 million jobs through increased investments over 10 years in the U.S. infrastructure, and proposed a $10 billion (5 billion pounds) emergency fund for critical repairs to bridges and highways. Her proposals would eliminate incentives and close tax loopholes for companies that outsource jobs and use the savings to help create U.S.-based jobs, the campaign said. The Hillary Campaign has said that she will eliminate lax enforcement that make it easier to ship jobs and capital overseas by ending "deferral" that rewards moving jobs overseas. "We reward companies like Exxon-Mobil who park $56 billion in profits overseas because they don't have to pay a dime in US taxes on those profits" Hillary said.
"My insourcing agenda is based on a different approach. I believe our government should get out of the business of rewarding companies for shipping jobs overseas, and get back into the business of rewarding companies that create good, high-wage jobs with good benefits right here in America," she added. The "insourcing" plan, billed by Hillary's campaign as "groundbreaking", provides $7 billion per year in new tax benefits and investments to help companies create high-paying, high-quality jobs in the US. Part of the plan would be a $5 billion tax credit for communities hard hit by global competition and trade.
Obama has been talking in greater detail about what he would do to repair the economy and contrasting that with McCain's proposals. But this has sometimes come at the expense of Obama's more abstract and inspiring message about rising above partisan pettiness to unite the country, the central call of his campaign.
At the same time, McCain and Hillary have begun a combined assault on Obama's working-class outreach, pouncing on his remarks at a recent San Francisco fundraiser -- about how many small-town Americans have grown "bitter" about their economic situation -- as evidence of elitism and lack of empathy for average Americans.
Of course the debate on economics takes place off and on and the key objective of this is to outsmart each other and not necessarily a concrete proposal for US to overcome its difficulties and deficiencies. Reports suggest neither candidate is likely to have the 2,024 delegates needed to win the nomination after the contests end in early June, leaving the decision up to nearly 800 super-delegates -- elected officials and party insiders who are free to back any candidate. U.S. House of Representatives Speaker Nancy Pelosi said the campaign should continue through the end of voting, and repeated her view that super-delegates should not be perceived to overturn the will of the voters.
Not allowing himself being left behind the scene, McCain said he will soon offer a plan with specifics to help homeowners who are having trouble paying their mortgages because of adjustable-rate loans. He was on a week-long tour highlighting his military service and life story, visited his former high school outside Washington, D.C. "Senator Clinton's attacks on John McCain are a desperate attempt to change the focus away from the divisive battle within the Democratic Party," said Republican National Committee spokesman Alex Conant, who challenged her to explain how she will pay for her new spending proposals.
McCain does not think the final choice of the Democratic Party would really matter to the contest as he looks pretty confident of his "better chances" in the poll in due course. But then US electorates have to wait until June to know who will stand against the Republican McCain in November.

(Dr. Abdul Ruff Colachal is a Research Scholar at the School of International studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University; New Delhi)

 


Beirut, 25 Years ago - Little did we know

Claude Salhani

SPECIAL REPORT: Twenty-five years ago on this day, April 18, I was driving back from the U.S. Marine compound near Beirut International Airport where a press conference was held for the big news item of the day: a Marine guarding the perimeter was shot at. The Marine was unhurt, but the bullet went through his baggy trousers. That was the top news item of the day … until … until 1:03 p.m. That was the exact time when a suicide bomber rammed his explosives-laden van into the U.S. Embassy in Beirut. The blast was heard and felt several miles away.
At 1:03 p.m. I was less than two miles away from the embassy, driving back from the Marine compound. It was a typical Beirut day; the sun was shining and traffic was a mess. Typical until 1:03 p.m.
A jeepload of the Beirut police known as Squad 16 was directly in front of my car and we both felt the shock of the explosion. They must have received an alert on their police radio as they immediately turned on their siren to make their way through the dense traffic. I kept on their tail knowing they were most likely heading for the site of the explosion. Noticing the sign on my windshield identifying me as a journalist, the policeman in the back of the jeep motioned me to follow.
We made it to the embassy within minutes. Or maybe I should say to what was left of the embassy. The scene was apocalyptic. There were mutilated bodies littering the sidewalks. People staring at them in utter shock and disbelief. Clouds of smoke and fire was coming out from one side of the embassy building. The embassy's Marine guards, those who had survived the blast, were trying to set up a security perimeter around the blast zone, as rescue crews arrived. Documents, no doubt many of them confidential, were floating through the air, taking their own time to reach the ground. It was as though they answered to a different set of gravity laws.
Walking around the corner toward the front of the building offered a scene of additional desolation. Its multistoried front façade had collapsed like a house of cards. Trapped between two of the upper floors, part of a man's body could be seen. It took more than a day for rescue crews to get to it.
French soldiers serving with the multinational force from a nearby position arrived and assisted in setting up the security perimeter, until truckloads of Marines from the airport base arrived on the scene. Six months later the Marines became the target of another suicide bomber, but that's another story. The man believed to be responsible for the Beirut Embassy bombing - and numerous other attacks - was Imad Mughnieh, a leader of Hezbollah suspected to have been acting on behalf of the Iranians. He was killed in February in Damascus by a bomb placed in the headrest of his car.
On this day in 1983, 25 years ago, 63 people - among them 17 Americans - died in the Beirut Embassy blast. They were the first victims in a new war being waged by an enemy working in the shadows. A war which continues to this day. But on that sunny day in Beirut, little did we know of what was to come.
Middle East Times editor Claude Salhani was a correspondent based in Beirut at the time of the Beirut bombing.

Source: ww.middleeasttimes.com

 


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Nepal’s king won’t go into exile: Palace
AFP, Kathmandu

Nepal's King Gyanendra on Monday angrily denied speculation he will be heading into exile following a victory by former Maoist rebels in landmark elections.
A statement from the royal palace rejected what it said were "malicious reports appearing in sections of the national and international media in recent days against the royal palace."
"The reports referred to are about his majesty going to India," a palace source told AFP.
"He will not be going anywhere. He is not going to leave the country."
Nepal's Maoists are on track to win the largest single bloc of seats in an assembly that will rewrite the country's constitution.
The vote count is expected to end on Tuesday, and the Maoists are expected to win at least 240 seats in a 601-member constitutional assembly-making them the dominant party and just short of holding an outright majority.
The ultra-leftists say they intend to abolish Nepal's 240-year-old monarchy as quickly as possible, and have called on Gyanendra to leave the palace "gracefully" rather than be forcibly evicted.
They have also warned the king of "a trial and strong punishment" if he refuses to accept life as a commoner in one of the world's poorest nations.
Gyanendra came to the throne in bizarre and tragic circumstances in 2001, when his popular brother and eight other family members were shot dead by a drunk, drugged, love-sick and suicidal crown prince.
The new monarch and his son Paras-loathed for his reported playboy lifestyle-failed to win the hearts and minds of a public that viewed the pair's survival of the palace massacre as deeply suspicious.
In 2005 he seized absolute power to fight the Maoists, but instead fuelled a wave of republican sentiment that led to mainstream parties striking a historic 2006 peace deal with the rebels, ending a decade of civil war.
Gyanendra has since been stripped of all his powers, including his role as head of state and army commander.
He has faced numerous demands to step down quietly, but has so far refused to do so.
Analysts say the king can still count on support from sections of the army and Hindu fundamentalists who see him as the incarnation of a Hindu god.
Meanwhile, Nepal's Maoists said Saturday they would lead the next government as they staged a victory rally with poll results showing them on track to emerge as the country's biggest party.
The April 10 polls were the climax of the 2006 peace deal between the Maoists and mainstream political parties, and the former rebels have confounded analysts and diplomats who forecast they would come in third at best.
"We will lead the next government after the final results of the elections. The people's mandate has clearly given us the responsibility to head the new government," Maoist information minister Krishna Bahadur Mahara told AFP.
Mahara's statements came as Maoist supporters feted the party's strong showing on the outskirts of the capital Kathmandu.
Cheering supporters wreathed party leader Prachanda-whose nom de guerre means the "fierce one"-with marigold garlands and smudged red powder on his forehead as musicians beat drums in celebration.
A beaming Prachanda waded into crowds of supporters in the market place where the rally was held, shaking hands and waving to people watching from building windows above the crowds.
"Namaste, namaste," Prachanda said repeatedly to well-wishers, pressing his palms together and bowing his head slightly in the traditional form of salutation used in South Asia.
 


Eight killed in Israeli raids after Gaza crossing attack
AFP, Gaza City

At least eight Palestinians were killed Sunday after Israeli forces launched air strikes across the Gaza Strip, a day after Hamas militants detonated explosives-laden vehicles at a border crossing.
Two more Palestinians were killed and three wounded during a raid late Sunday in Rafah, in the south of the Gaza strip, bringing the total number of dead to eight, according to medical sources and witnesses.
They were killed in an air-to-ground missile strike, the sources said. An Israeli military source confirmed the attack, saying it was aimed at a "group of armed men."
But Palestinian medical sources said one of the dead was a civilian.
Six Palestinian fighters, all members of Hamas, the Islamist movement that violently seized Gaza last year and that refuses to recognise Israel's right to exist, were killed in air raids early Sunday.
Israel began air attacks against militants on Saturday after they detonated two booby-trapped vehicles disguised as Israeli military jeeps at the Kerem Shalom border crossing used to deliver humanitarian supplies to Gaza, whose economy is crippled by an Israeli blockade.
Thirteen Israeli soldiers were wounded in Saturday's attack, which Israeli Major General Yoav Galant described as the "most ambitious launched against our troops" since the Israeli withdrawal from Gaza in 2005.
The jeeps and an armoured vehicle approached the border under the cover of fog and mortar fire. The Israeli army said it foiled an attempt to detonate the third vehicle and killed four "terrorists" who were in it.
A fourth booby-trapped vehicle approached the security fence near Kibbutz Nirim, just north of Kerem Shalom, but troops spotted it and blew it up before it could cause any harm, the army said.
The operation, which was claimed by Hamas, was the fifth time in 10 days that militants had attacked crossings with Israel.
On April 9, two Israeli civilians were killed when Palestinian militants raided the Nahal Oz crossing that supplies virtually all of Gaza's fuel.
"The terrorists planned to execute a wider attack," the army said, adding they may have intended to kidnap soldiers.
"Hamas is exploiting the compassion and generosity of the State of Israel by targeting humanitarian crossings.


Fresh anti-Western protests rock China
AFP, Beijing

Fresh anti-Western protests broke out in China Sunday with angry demonstrators targeting US broadcaster CNN and French store Carrefour in rows over perceived bias, Tibet and the Beijing Olympics.
Protesters in Xian, Harbin and Jinan defied a huge police crackdown to chant slogans and hold banners that read "Oppose Tibet independence," "Oppose CNN's anti-China statements" and "Boycott Carrefour," a participant said.
"This was a patriotic movement, people want CNN and Carrefour to apologise," Wang Zheng, a protester at a Carrefour store in the northern city of Xian, told AFP by telephone.
"We oppose Tibetan and Taiwan independence and we also oppose the politicisation of the Olympic Games."
As demonstrations continued for a second day, France said it was sending two envoys with messages from President Nicolas Sarkozy, who has been unpopular over his threat to boycott the Olympics opening ceremony.
Former prime minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin arrives on Wednesday while the president's top diplomatic adviser, Jean-David Levitte, is due to fly in next weekend.
Anti-French feeling was fanned by Paris's chaotic leg of the Olympic torch relay, while Carrefour's 122 supermarkets here have been subject to boycotts over its alleged support of Tibetan spiritual leader the Dalai Lama, which it denies.
Protesters are also lashing out at the CNN TV network over its commentator Jack Cafferty, who caused outrage last week when he called the Beijing leadership "goons and thugs" and slammed the quality of Chinese exports.
According to the official Xinhua news agency, more than 1,000 people assembled in front of the Carrefour store in Xian, while demonstrations also occurred at stores in the northeastern city of Harbin and Jinan in the east.
The protests follow noisy anti-China demonstrations in London, Paris and San Francisco that have marred the international Beijing Olympic torch relay, an event aimed at promoting this year's Games.
Anti-Chi